144 The American Journal of Science and Arts. 



journey even from Lanrlshut to London may perhaps be more read- 

 ily performed, than to Upsal. 



After the death of Sir James Edward Smith, the herbarium and 

 other collections, and library of Linnneus, as well as his own, were 

 purchased i)y the Linnasan Society. The herbarium still occupies 

 the cases which contained it at Upsal, and is scrupulously preserved 

 in its original state, except that, for more effectual protection from 

 the black and j)enetrating dust of London, it is divided into parcels 

 of convenient size, wliich are closely wrapped in covers of strong 

 paper lined with muslin. The genera and covers are numbered to 

 corres[)ond with a complete manuscript catalogue, and the collec- 

 tion, which is by no means large in comparison with modern herba- 

 ria, may be consulted with great facility. 



In the negotiation with Smith, Dr. Acrel stated the number of 

 ppecies at eight thousand, which probably is not too low an estimate. 

 The specimens, which are mostly small, but in excellent preserva- 

 tion, are attached to half sheets of very ordinary paper, of the foolscap 

 size, (which is now considered too small,) and those of each genus 

 covered by a double sheet, in the ordinary manner. The names are 

 usually written upon the sheet itself, with a mark or abbreviation to 

 indicate the source from which the specimen was derived. Thus, 

 tliose from the Upsal garden are marked H. U.; those given by 

 Kalm, -RT. ; those received from Gronovius, Gron.; &.c. The labels 

 are all in the handwriting of Linnaeus himself, except a few later 

 ones by the son, and occasional notes by Smith, which are readily 

 distinguished, and indeed are usually designated by his initials. By 

 far the greater part of the North American plants which are found 

 in the Linna)an herbarium, were received from Kalm, or raised from 

 seeds collected by him. Under the patronage of the Swedish gov- 

 ernment, this enterprising pupil of Linnteus remained three years in 

 this country, travelling throughout New York, New Jersey, Penn- 

 sylvania, and Lower Canada: hence his plants are almost exclu- 

 sively those of the Northern States. 



Governor Golden, to whom Kalm brought letters of introduction 

 from Linnaeus, was then well known as a botanist, by his corres- 

 pondence with Peter Collinson and Gronovius, and also by his ac- 

 count of the plants growing around Coldenham, New York, which 

 was sent to the latter, who transmitted it to Linnaeus for publication 

 in the Acta TJpsalensia. At an early period he attempted a direct 

 correspondence with Linnaeiis, but the siiip by which his specimens 

 and notes were sent was plundered by pirates; and in a letter sent 

 by Kalm, on the return of the latter to Sweden, ho informs Linnaeus 

 that this traveller had been such an industrious collector, as to leave 

 him Hale hopes of being himself farther useful, it is not probable 

 therefore that Linupcus received any ])lants from Golden, nor does 

 his herbarium afford any such indication. From Gronovius, Lin- 

 naeus had received a very small number of Clayton's plants, previous 

 to the publication of the Species Plantariim; l)ut most of the species 

 of the Flora Virginica were adopted or referred to other plants on 

 the authority of the descriptions alone. 



Liimseus had another American correspondent in Dr. John Mitch- 

 ell, who lived several years in Virginia, where he collected extensive- 

 ly; but the ship in which he returned to England having been taken 



