238 



GARDEN CRAFT IN EUROPE 



parterre surrounded by pleached tunnels ; the third is divided- between 'the 

 orchard and' kitchen garden; six circular arbours project into the moat, 

 and- each arbour has an upper chamber formed by pleaching the branches of 

 the" trees. Smaller designs for town gardens are also illiistrated. 



-•-.The best general :idea of German and Austrian gardens of the seven- 

 teenth century is to be had from the exhaustive collection of topographical 

 prints published about 1650 by Matthew Merian.^ His descriptive accounts 

 are most instructive, and the engravings include all the principal German 

 castles, together with a number of smaller houses and monasteries. In one of 



these gardens near 

 Vienna we see a low 

 orangery with dining 

 halls at either end 

 leading to two terraces 

 and to the flower gar- 

 den. The great par- 

 terre upon the other 

 side of the orangery 

 is surrounded by a 

 stone-paved walk with 

 picturesque angle 

 towers rising to a 

 height of three stories ; 

 beyond the walls that 

 enclosed the parterre 

 was a meadow separ- 

 ated by a canal from 

 the deer park, which was enclosed within a high wall having ten large round 

 pigeon towers. 



Another garden known 2^%Der Kielmdnnische Garten (illus., p. 241), also 

 near Vienna, has both orchard and parterre enclosed within long tunnelled 

 walks; part of the parterre is reserved for herbs, and the remaining part laid 

 out in regular geometrical patterns. 



A GERMAN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY GARDEN, FROM AN 

 ENGRAVING BY MATTHEW MERIAN. 



■•'^ In addition to his topographical works he published a volume Florilegium Renovatum et 

 Auctum, Frankfort, 1641,'containing a series of garden designs. 



