MANAdHMKNT PLANS — THE NATIONAL FORESTS 11 



4. OTHER INFOItMATION 



Any plan for the nianiifjement of the timber resources that is not in 

 entire coordination with the plans and policies for the various other 

 uses of the land in that re^^ion is intoin[)lete. The hind-ac(iuisltion 

 policy often has an important bearin<z on the handlini^ of tlic timber 

 in a given -workint/ circle. The use of the ran»ri' lor j.aa/.in<z is in 

 many regions of great economic importance, and tiiough it may some- 

 times conflict witli the forester's plans for handling the timber, 

 usually the two uses can be so coordinated as to make them both 

 possible. In some regions the public has come to make very general 

 and in some cases rather intensive use of forest areas, particuhuly the 

 national forests, for recreation, including touring, camping, hunting, 

 fishing, huunner homes, etc. Such a use is a legitimate one and should 

 be anticipated and taken into account in plans for timber manage- 

 ment. The protection of city watersheds an 1 of large catcliment 

 basins depended upon by irrigation districts for water supply is 

 another use that must in many cases be fitted into the plan. 



While management plans usuall}^ do not cover the field of protec- 

 tion in any detail, it is of paramount importance that in drawing up 

 provisi(jns for management, the protection of timber crops, both 

 present and future, against insects, tree diseases, and fire should be 

 kept constantly in the foreground in order that no opportunity for 

 furthering the safety of the stands may be overlooked. Data shoidd 

 be gathered on the relationship of age classes, silvicultural systems, 

 and logging methods, and on the liability of losses from insects, 

 disease, fire, and storms. 



5. MAPS 



Of course, every forest manager Avanis a good topograpiiic nuip 

 of the territory in his charge, and as his work gets more intensive 

 the need for an accurate map of this kind increases. At the start, 

 ho\yever, large areas can be put under successful management with- 

 out other than simple, inexpensive maps. A map showing owner- 

 ship, drainage, outstanding topographic features, such as divides, 

 transporation facilities, utilization plants, and towns and settlements, 

 will Usually serve as a satisfactory base on which to enter ty|)e lines 

 and compaitmenl and block boundaries and to show in bold relief the 

 areas to be cut over during the period covered by the cutting budget. 

 The scale of the map should be in proportion to the amount of detail 

 to be shown; 1 inch to the mile will do for large working circles with 

 very simple plans; 2 inches to the mile will better fit conditions in a 

 smaller working circle or one in which there are more details to be 

 i^hown; an intensive plan or a very complex situaticm nuiy require a 

 scale of 4 inches to the mile, or even larger. Often all of the data 

 necessary can be shown on one mixp. Only in the more complex 

 situations will separate type um\)s and owneisjilp iimps be necessary. 



OBJECTS OF MANAGEMENT 



A decision as to objectives is es.sential at an early stage in the 

 preparation of the plan. After the information concerniuL' the area 

 to be put under management has b(>en gatlieied and digested, the next 

 step is to formulate and .set down tlie purposes of management — 



