LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 





116. 

 117. 



118. 

 119. 



120. 

 121. 

 122. 

 I2 3 . 



I2 4 . 

 125. 



126. 

 127. 



128. 

 I2 9 . 



130. 



132. 



133- 

 134- 



136. 

 137- 

 138- 

 139- 

 I4O. 

 141. 

 I 4 2. 



H3- 



144- 



PAGE 



Transverse Sections of the 

 body of an invertebrate 

 and a vertebrate animal, 324 

 Embryology ofVertebrata, 325 

 Lumbar Vertebra of Whale, 

 and diagram of thoracic 

 vertebra, .... 328 

 Skeleton of the Beaver, 329 

 Pectoral Limb of Chim- 

 panzee, 331 



Pelvic Limb of Chimpan- 

 zee, 332 



Diagram of the digestive 



system of a Mammal, . 333 

 Blood-corpuscles of Ver- 

 tebrate^ . . . . .334 

 Diagram of the Circula- 

 tion of a Mammal, . -335 

 Scales of Fishes, . . . 340 

 Skeleton of the Common 



Perch 341 



Skull of the Cod, . . .343 

 Os hyoides and branchial 



arches of the Perch, . 345 

 Pectoral Limbs of Fishes, 346 

 Outline of Percagranu- 



lata, 348 



Homocercal and hetero- 



cercal Tails, .... 349 

 Diagram of the Circula- 

 tion of a Fish, . . .350 

 Diagram of the Lancelet, 354 



Lamprey, 355 



Heart of Teleostean and 



Ganoid Fishes, . . . 359 

 Gymnotus electricus, . . 360 

 Rhombus punctatus, . . 362 

 Ostracion cornutus, . . 364 

 Polypterus and Osteolepis, 367 

 Cephalaspis Lyellii, . .369 

 Coccosteus and Pterichthys, 369 

 Head of Piked Dog-fish, 371 

 Carcharias and Chimcera, 372 

 Raia marginata, . . .374 

 Lepidosiren annectens, . 376 



FIG. PAGE 



145. Spines and Teeth of Pa- 



laeozoic Elasmobranchii, 379 



146. Hyla leucotania, . . . 382 



147. Proteus anguinus, . . 385 



148. Axolotl, 386 



149. Triton cristatus, . . . 387 



150. Skeleton of the Frog, . 388 



151. Development of the Frog, 389 



152. Footprints of a Labyrin- 



thodont, 391 



153. Skull of a Serpent, . . 395 



1 54. Diagram of the circulation 



in Reptiles, .... 396 



155. Skeleton of Tortoise, . 399 



156. Hawk's-bill Turtle, . . 400 



157. Eye of Serpent and Head 



of Viper, 403 



158. Head of Ringed Snake, 



of Viper, and of Blind - 

 worm, 407 



159. Iguana, 408 



160. Blind-worm, .... 410 



161. Head of Chameleon, . 412 



162. Skull of Crocodilus bi- 



porcatus, 414 



163. Ichthyo saurus communis, 417 



164. Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus, 418 



165. Pterodactylus brevirostris, 419 



1 66. Quill-feather, .... 425 



167. Skull of Spur - winged 



Goose, 428 



1 68. Pectoral Arch and Fore- 



limb of Penguin, . . 429 



169. Fore-limb of Jer- falcon, . 430 



170. Hind-limb of Loon, . . 432 



171. Digestive System of the 



Common Fowl, . . . 434 



1 72. Lung of Goose, . . . 436 



173. Foot of Cormorant and 



Beak of Goose, . . . 444 



174. Leg of Curlew, Head of 



Snipe, and Beak of 

 Avocet, 448 



175. Foot of Ostrich, and 



Breast-bone of Emeu, . 45 1 



