588 GLOSSARY. 



LEPTOCARDIA (Gr. leptos, slender, small ; cardia, heart). The name given by 



Miiller to the order of Fishes comprising the Lancelot, now called Pharyn- 



gobranchii. 

 LIGAMENTUM NUCEUE (Lat. nucka, the nape of the neck). The band of elastic 



fibres by which the weight of the head in Mammalia is supported. 

 LIGULA (Lat. ligula, a little tongue). The upper flexible portion of the 



labium or lower lip in Insects. 



LINGUAL (Lat. lingua, the tongue). Connected with the tongue. 

 LISSENCEPHALA (Gr. lissox, smooth ; eykeplmlos, brain). A primary division 



of Mammalia, according to Owen, in which the cerebral hemispheres are 



smooth or have few convolutions. 



LlTHOCYSTS (Gr. litkos, a stone ; kustis, a cyst). The sense-organs or "mar- 

 ginal bodies " of the Lncernarida or Steyanophthalmate Medusae. 

 LONGIPENNAT.E (Lat. longus, long ; penna, wing). A group of the Natatorial 



birds. 



LONGIROSTRES (Lat. long us ; rostrum, beak). A group of the Wading birds. 

 LOPHOPHORE (Gr. lopJtos, a crest ; andphero, I carry). The disc or stage upon 



which the tentacles of the Polyzoa are borne. 

 LOPHYROPODA (Gr. lopJiouroSf having stiff hairs ; and poda, feet). An order 



of Crustacea. 

 LORICA (Lat. a breast-plate). Applied to the protective case with which 



certain Infusoria are provided. 

 LORICATA (Lat. lorica, a cuirass). The division of Reptiles comprising the 



Clielonia and CrocodiUa, in which bony plates are developed in the skin (derma). 

 LUCERNARIDA (Lat. lucerna, a lamp). An order of the Hydrozoa. 

 LUMBAR (Lat. lumbus, loin). Connected with the loins. 

 LUNATE (Lat. luna, moon). Crescentic in shape. 

 LYENCEPHALA (Gr. luo, I loose; egkephalos, brain). A primary division of 



Mammals, according to Owen. 



MACRODACTYLI (Gr. makros, long ; daktulos, a finger). A group of the 

 Wading birds. 



MACRURA (Gr. makros, long; oura, tail). A tribe of Decapod Crustaceans 

 with long tails (e.g., the Lobster, Shrimp, &c.) 



MADREPORIFORM. Perforated with small holes, like a coral ; applied to the 

 tubercle by which the ambulacral system of the Echinoderms mostly com- 

 municates with the exterior. 



MALACOSTRACA (Gr. malakos, soft ; ostrakon, shell). A division of Crustacea. 

 Originally applied by Aristotle to the entire class Crustacea, because their 

 shells were softer than those of the Molhisca. 



MALLOPHAGA (Gr. mallos, a fleece ; phago, I eat). An order of Insects which 

 are mostly parasitic upon birds. 



MAMMALIA (Lat. mamma, the breast). The class of Vertebrate animals which 

 suckle their young, 



MANDIBLE (Lat. mandibulum, a jaw). The upper pair of jaws in Insects ; 

 also applied to one of the pairs of jaws in Crustacea and Spiders, to the 

 beak of Cephalopods, the lower jaw of Vertebrates, &c. 



MANTLE. The external integument of most of the Mollusca, which is largely- 

 developed, and forms a cloak in which the viscera are protected. Techni- 

 cally called the "pallium." 



MANUBRIUM (Lat. a handle). The polypite which is suspended from the roof 

 of the swimming-bell of a Medusa, or from the gonocalyx of a medusiform 

 gonophore amongst the Hydrozoa. 



MANUS (Lat. the hand). The hand of the higher Vertebrates. 



MARSIPOBRANCHII (Gr. marsipos, a pouch ; Iragchia, gill). The order of 

 Fishes comprising the Hag-fishes and Lampreys, with pouch-like gills. 



MARSUPIALIA (Lat. marsupium, a pouch). An order of Mammals in which 

 the females mostly have an abdominal pouch in which the young are carried. 



MASTAX (Gr. mouth). The muscular pharynx or "buccal funnel" into which 

 the mouth opens in most of the Rotifera. 



MASTICATORY (Lat. mastico, I chew). Applied to parts adapted for chewing. 



