108 



MANUAL OF PHYSIOLOGY. 



has been caught by the pala to-glossal and palato-pharyngeal 

 muscles which force it into the pharynx, and at the same time 

 close the isthmus faucium behind the descending morsel. The 

 stylo-pharyngeis and the pharyngeal constrictors now grasp the 



FIG. 51. 



Muscles of Tongue and Pharynx. 1, 2, 3, Muscles from styloid process 

 (6) to the tongue, hyoul bone (d) and pharynx respectively; 4, 5, 6, 7 8 

 muscles of tongue ; 9, 10,11, constrictors of pharynx; 12, oesophagus ; 'l3 

 is placed on larynx (e). (Allen Thomson.) 



bolus spasmodically, and the latter contract in rapid succession 

 moving the bolus onwards, and drawing themselves over it, pass 

 it on to the oesophagus, where, by a progressing ring-like contrac- 

 tion of the circular muscles and a simultaneous shortening of the 



