8 THE UPPER EXTREMITY 



extremity of the nipple. Further, by removing the fat which surrounds 

 the organ the true glandular tissue will be rendered more apparent. 

 It is only in favourable circumstances that the milk-ducts in the nipple 

 and their ampullae in the region of the areola can be isolated and rendered 

 apparent. 



The Mamma (Mammary Gland or Breast). In the female 

 the mamma forms a rounded prominence on the front and 



Processes radiating out 

 from the corpus mammae 



Ampulla 

 Ductus lactiferi 



Pectoralis major 



Fat lobule 



FIG. 3. Section through a Mammary Gland prepared by method 

 recommended by Mr. Harold Stiles. 



also, to some extent, on the lateral aspect, of the thorax. It 

 lies in the superficial fascia, and its smooth contour is largely 

 due to the invasion of its substance by the fatty tissue of this 

 layer. 



A little below its mid-point, and at a level which usually 

 corresponds to the fourth intercostal space, the mamma is 

 surmounted by a conical elevation termed the papilla 

 mammce. or nipple. This stands in the middle of a circular 



