532 



ABDOMEN 



alone is sufficient for the purpose. It shows the posterior surface from 

 its position at the hilus, and the lower end from its curving downwards 

 towards it. 



Kidney Capsule and Kidney Substance. The kidney is 

 invested by a strong fibrous coat, which can be easily stripped 

 from its surface. Divide this capsule along the lateral margin 

 of the organ and peel it off towards the hilus. Here it 



Crus of diaphragn 



Arcus lumbo- 



costalis lateralis 



(O.T. external 



'.rcuate ligament) 



Diaphragm 



Spleen 



Crus of diaphragm 



Arcus lumbo- 

 costalis lateralis 

 (O.T. external 

 arcuate ligament] 



Diaphragm 



FIG. 208. Dissection from behind to show the relation of the two Pleural 

 Sacs to the Kidneys. Outline of upper portions of kidneys indicated by 

 dotted lines. 



enters the renal sinus, lines its wall, and becomes continuous 

 with the sheaths of the vessels entering the gland, and also 

 with the external coat of the ureter. 



Examine the manner in which the ureter or duct is con- 

 nected with the kidney. As it approaches the hilus it expands 

 into a wide funnel-shaped portion called ihejpefvis (Fig. 209). 



This enters the sinus and divides into two, or perhaps 

 three, large primary branches, and these again break up into a 



