STRAUS'S TEST 347 



inoculation and slightly enlarged spleen, which contains 

 a few small yellowish nodules resembling miliary tubercles. 

 The material from human cases as a rule seems more 

 virulent than that from the horse, and death of the guinea- 

 pig often ensues a few days after inoculation. 



The culture or material from a glandered horse does not 

 usually produce death of a guinea-pig until a lapse of 

 two or three weeks. A male guinea-pig being chosen, the 

 changes observed are caseation followed by ulceration 

 at the seat of inoculation, when this is done subcutaneously, 

 and great enlargement of the testicles ; on cutting into 

 these they are found to be partially or almost entirely 

 converted into a pasty caseous material, while the skin 

 covering them is so adherent that it can only be detached 

 by cutting, and the spleen is very much enlarged and 

 studded with small yellowish nodules. In a female 

 guinea-pig the ovaries are attacked. These appearances 

 are of importance in the diagnosis of the disease. The 

 difficulty of finding the bacillus in the discharges by 

 microscopical and staining methods is so great that these 

 cannot be employed with any certainty. Loffler and 

 Straus therefore recommend the inoculation of a male 

 guinea-pig intraperitoneally with the discharge or other 

 material. If the glanders bacillus is present the lesions 

 thus described rapidly ensue, and the diagnosis is estab- 

 lished in four or five days (Straus's test 1 ). At the present 

 time the inoculation method has been almost entirely 

 superseded by the introduction of mallein, the former 

 being reserved for clinical diagnosis in man. 



McFadyean found that the blood of a glandered animal 

 produces agglutination or clumping of the glanders bacillus 

 similar to that obtained in the agglutination (Widal) test 

 for typhoid, and has suggested this reaction as a means 

 of diagnosis. As an aid to the clinical diagnosis of the 



1 See also Nicolle, Ann. de Vlnst. Pasteur, xx, 1906. 



