CHAPTER X 



TYPHOID FEVER PARA-TYPHOID FEVER BACILLUS 

 ENTERITIDIS AND THE GARTNER GROUP SWINE 

 FEVER BACILLUS DYSENTERIC BACILLUS COLI 



THE organisms considered in this chapter form a natural group or 

 family, the " Typhoid-Colon " group, and pass as it were by grada- 

 tions in cultural characters from the typhoid bacillus to the colon 

 bacillus. Loffler classes them together in a family, the Typhacese, 

 which is divided into sub-families : (a) Typheae, which includes the 

 B. typhosus and B. dysenteries ; (b) losarceae, 1 which includes the 

 Gartner group of organisms ; and (c) Colese, the B. coli group of 

 organisms. 



The group can be divided into lactose fermenters and non-lactose 

 fermenters. The former includes B. coli and its variants. There 

 is also a group of late lactose fermenters (after six days) which occur 

 in the intestine, e.g. B. coli mutabilis. The non-lactose fermenters 

 are classified by Henderson -Smith 2 as follows : 



I. Certain groups of no known pathogenic importance. Frequent 

 in the intestine. 



II. The Typhoid group, B. typhosus. 



III. Paratyphoid-Enteritidis (Gartner) group. 



1. Atypical members. 



a. Saccharose fermenters. Not agglutinated with Gartner 



or paratyphoid serum. 

 6. Dulcitol non-fermenters. 



c. B. paratyphosus A. 



d. Salicin fermenters. Frequent in animals* 



2. Typical members. 



a. B. enter itidis of Gartner. 



b. B. paratyphosus B. 



c. B. suipestifer. 



1 From los, poison, and <rap, flesh. 



2 Centr.f. Bakt. Abt. I (Orig.), 68, 1913, p. 151 (Bibliog.). 



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