HYDROPHOBIA 535 



in scarlatina. It is also present in a somewhat modified form in 

 the blood and tissues post mortem. It was not found in four 

 non-scarlatinal throats examined. Gordon concluded, therefore, 

 that the S. scarlatina or conglomeratus is the "specialised and 

 essential agent " of scarlatina. It is pathogenic to mice. 



Cumpston ! investigated the biological characters of 101 strep- 

 tococci isolated from scarlet fever, applying Gordon's tests (p. 233). 

 The majority corresponded with the S. longus type. 



Baginsky and Sommerfeld, Class and Jaques also isolated strep- 

 tococcoid organisms in scarlatina, but they possessed no very 

 distinctive cultural characters. 



It seems very doubtful if streptococci are the etiological agents 

 in scarlet fever ; they are probably secondary infective agents. 

 It is remarkable how frequently diphtheria complicates scarlatina. 



Mallory detected small bodies, 2-7 p in diameter, staining deli- 

 cately but sharply with met hylene -blue, and occurring in and 

 between the epithelial cells of the epidermis and in the lymph- 

 vessels and spaces of the corium. He regards these as protozoa, 

 but others consider them to be degenerated leucocytes (see p. 537). 



The blood in the early stages of scarlatina gives the Wassermann 

 reaction (p. 502). 



% 



Hydrophobia 2 



Hydrophobia attacking man is invariably contracted 

 through the bite of an animal affected with the disease, 

 In the lower animals the disease is termed rabies, and is 

 most frequent in the dog, but the cat, wolf, and deer are 

 also subject to it, and other animals can be infected by 

 inoculation. The disease may assume two forms the 

 raging and the paralytic. The latter is not met with in 

 man, unless certain rare forms of acute ascending paralysis 

 (e.g. Landry's) be manifestations of it. In the dog either 

 may occur, but in rodents the paralytic form is almost 

 always the one assumed. In man the incubation period 

 is very variable ; it is never less than about twenty days, 



1 Journ. of Hyg., vol. vii, 1907, p. 599. 



2 See Marie, La Rage, 1901 ; Scientific Memoirs Gov. of India, Nos. 

 30 and 44; Luzzani, Ann. de VInst. Pasteur, xxvii, 1913, p. 1039 

 (Bibliog.). 



