YELLOW FEVER 547 



has proved to be an organism belonging to the Gartner 

 group (see p. 371). 



Reed and Carroll 1 critically examined the B. ictero'ides 

 and its relation to yellow fever. Their conclusions were 

 that the Bacillus X belongs to the colon group, the B. 

 ictero'ides to the Gartner group, that the B. ictero'ides and 

 hog- cholera bacillus produce the same lesions in animals 

 and mutually protect against each other, that the B. 

 ictero'ides causes in swine all the symptoms and lesions of 

 hog cholera, and that the blood of hog cholera agglutinates 

 the B. ictero'ides in a much more marked degree than does 

 the blood of yellow fever. 



Reed, Carroll, and Agramonte, 2 having thus shown the 

 etiological position of the B. ictero'ides to be untenable, 

 directed their attention to the transference of yellow fever 

 through the agency of mosquitoes. Finlay, of Havanah, 

 suggested many years ago that yellow fever might be 

 propagated through the intermediary of a mosquito 

 Stegomyia calopus (fasciata) and with this species these 

 investigators worked. They allowed mosquitoes to bite 

 yellow-fever patients at various stages of the disease, and 

 the infected mosquitoes were subsequently allowed to bite 

 eleven individuals, two of whom contracted yellow fever. 

 It is true this is not a very convincing experiment, but 

 it is to be noted that during the period of fifty-seven days 

 among a population of 1400 non- immune Americans there 

 were only three cases of yellow fever, and that two of these 

 had been bitten by contaminated mosquitoes within five 

 days of the commencement of their attacks. The matter 

 was put to the further test of experiment in the following 

 manner. 3 Under the same observers a camp was estab- 

 lished with several tents each occupied by one to three 



1 Journ. Exper. Med., vol. v, pt. iii, p. 215. 



2 Philad. Med. Journ., October 27, 1900, p. 790. 



3 Journ. Amer. Med. Assoc., February 16, 1901, p. 431. 



