558 A MANUAL OF BACTERIOLOGY 



(c) Gonorrhceal conjunctivitis. 



(d) Diphtheritic conjunctivitis. 



(e) Conjunctivitis of streptococcic origin. 



(/) Conjunctivitis of pneumococcic origin. Usually in children, 

 and accompanied with coryza and scanty muco-purulent discharge. 



(g) Micrococci (aureus and albus) and B. coli may also occasionally 

 cause conjunctivitis. 



DIARRHOEA (SUMMER) OF INFANTS. Booker, 1 in an elaborate 

 paper, came to the following conclusions : " No single micro- 

 organism is found to be the specific exciter of the summer diarrhoea 

 of infants, but the affection is generally to be attributed to the 

 activity of a number of varieties of bacteria, some of which belong 

 to well-known species, and are of ordinary occurrence and wide 

 distribution, the most important being a streptococcus and the 

 Proteus vulgaris." 



Lesage obtained a bacillus from the " green diarrhoea " of infants 

 which he believed to be the cause of this complaint. It is a small, 

 motile, non -liquefy ing bacillus, producing on gelatin a whitish 

 expanded growth with crenated margins, and giving rise to a green 

 fluorescence in the medium. The B. pyocyaneus may be an 

 occasional cause. 



In cases with blood and mucus in the stools, the B. dysenteric^ 

 (Shiga-Kruse type) has been found to be present in America and 

 in this country. In London, Morgan has isolated in a number of 

 cases a bacillus which in its fermentation reactions is nearly allied 

 to the hog-cholera bacillus (see p. 372). Lewis 2 found that non- 

 liquefying and non-lactose-fermenting bacilli are more frequent in 

 the faeces of children suffering from diarrhoea than in normal children, 

 and believes that Morgan's bacillus has a causal relationship in many 

 cases. Alexander 3 also found Morgan's bacillus more frequent in 

 diarrhoea cases than in normal children. 



Ralph Vincent ascribes the disease (which he terms " zymotic 

 enteritis ") to the ordinary organisms of putrefaction gaining access 

 to milk and multiplying and causing alterations therein. 



The stinking motions of the diarrhoea of children have been 

 ascribed to the action of organisms belonging to the Proteus group, 

 particularly B. proteus (P. vulgaris, see p. 621), which occurs in 

 putrefying matter, sewage, and in the intestine. (This organism 

 may also cause abscesses and cystitis, and a form of meat poisoning 



1 Johns Hopkins Hosp. Reps., vol. vi, 1897, p. 159 (Bibliog.). 



2 Rep. Med. Loc. Gov. Board for 1911-12, p. 265, and ibid, for 1912-13, 

 p, 375. 



3 Ibid. 1911-12, p. 288. 



