562 A MANUAL OF BACTERIOLOGY 



the parotid and blood in some cases of mumps a coccus resembling 

 that described by Laveran and Catrin. It occurs chiefly as a 

 diplococcus, but also in large groups. The colonies form circular, 

 white, shining points, with slow growth and gradual liquefaction. 

 On potato a white growth occurs ; on blood-serum a plentiful cream- 

 coloured growth ; and in litmus milk production of acid with 

 coagulation. 



NOMA AND CANCBUM OBIS. Grawitz in 1890 observed bacilli 

 in the affected tissues in this disease, others fusiform bacilli with 

 or without other organisms ; Comba considered that there was 

 probably no specific organism ; Durante found the M. pyogenes, 

 Var. aureus, with B. proteus, and Ravenna the same micrococcus 

 with the typhoid bacillus. Diphtheroid bacilli have also been 

 isolated. Weaver and Tunnicliff l in a case of cancrum oris observed 

 the presence of fusiform bacilli and spirilla. Hellesen 2 isolated a 

 diplococcus from a case of noma. The organism is not unlike the 

 pneumococcus, but possesses no capsule, is Gram-positive, gives 

 a general turbidity in broth with acidity, forms no gas from glucose, 

 curdles milk with acid production, and forms punctate, whitish- 

 grey, translucent colonies on surface agar. On inoculation into 

 animals a specific necrosis was produced. 



Bishop and Ryan, in two out of three cases, isolated an organism 

 which culturally and morphologically resembled the diphtheria 

 bacillus, but which only produced some local inflammation on 

 inoculation into guinea-pigs. In the third case the M. pyogenes, 

 var. aureus, and the Streptococcus pyogenes were isolated. Guizzetti, 

 and Freymuth and Petruschky have isolated the Klebs-LofHer 

 bacillus in noma. 



OpPLEB-BoAS BACILLUS. Met with in the stomach, particularly 

 in cases of carcinoma, and its detection is suggestive of this con- 

 dition. The bacilli occur in masses, are long and filiform and non- 

 motile, and frequently join one another at an angle. They measure 

 usually 6-8 p. in length, but vary between 3 and 10 p.. The organism 

 has been cultivated, and is facultative anaerobe, non-sporing and 

 Gram-positive. It curdles milk and forms lactic acid from various 

 sugars. 



OTITIS MEDIA. The Streptococcus pneumonice is perhaps the 

 commonest organism met with ; next in frequency comes the 

 Streptococcus pyogenes, and then the pyogenic cocci. In scarlatinal 

 otitis media, Blaxall found the S. pyogenes to be always present, 

 and generally accompanied by other organisms, pyogenic cocci, 



1 Journ. Infectious Diseases, vol. iv, 1907, p. 8 (Bibliog.). 



2 See Lancet, 1908, vol. i, p. 955. 



