CHAPTER XL 



GLANDERS AND RHINOSCLEROMA. 

 GLANDERS. 



THE bacillus of glanders (bacillus mallei ; Fr., barille de la 

 morve ; Ger., Rotzbacillus) was discovered by Loffler and 

 Schutz, the announcement of this discovery being made 

 towards the end of 1882. They not only obtained pure 

 cultures of this organism from the tissues in the disease, 

 but by experiments on horses and other animals conclu- 

 sively established its causal relationship. These have been 

 fully confirmed. The same organism has also been culti- 

 vated from the disease in the human subject, first by 

 Weichselbaum in 1885, who obtained it from the pustules 

 in a case of acute glanders in a woman, and by inoculation 

 of animals obtained results similar to those of Loftier and 

 Schutz. 



Within recent years a substance, mallein, has been 

 obtained from the cultures of the glanders bacillus by a 

 method similar to that by which tuberculin was prepared, 

 and has been found to produce corresponding effects in 

 animals suffering from glanders to those produced by tuber- 

 culin in tuberculous animals. 



The Natural Disease. Glanders chiefly affects the 

 equine species horses, mules, and asses. Horned cattle, 

 on the other hand, are quite immune, whilst goats and sheep 

 occupy an intermediate position, the former being rather 



