NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF GLANDERS. 269 



more susceptible and occasionally suffering from the 

 natural disease. It also occurs in some of the carnivora 

 cats, lions, and tigers in menageries, which animals are 

 infected from the carcases of animals affected with the 

 disease. Many of the small rodents are highly susceptible 

 to inoculation (vide infra). 



Glanders is also found in man as the result of direct 

 inoculation on some wound of the skin or other part by 

 means of the discharges or diseased tissues of an animal 

 affected, and hence is commonest amongst grooms and 

 others whose work brings them into contact with 

 horses. 



In horses the lesions are of two types, to which the 

 names "glanders" proper and "farcy" have been given, 

 though both may exist together. In glanders proper the 

 septum nasi and adjacent parts are chiefly affected, there 

 occurring in the mucous membrane nodules at first firm and 

 of somewhat translucent grey appearance. The growth of 

 these is attended usually by inflammatory swelling and pro- 

 fuse catarrhal discharge. Afterwards the nodules soften in 

 the centre, break down, and give rise to irregular ulcera- 

 tions. Similar lesions, though in less degree, may be 

 found in the respiratory passages. Associated with these 

 lesions there is usually implication of the lymphatic glands 

 in the neck, mediastinum, etc. ; and there may be in the 

 lungs, spleen, liver, etc., nodules of the size of a pea or 

 larger, of greyish or yellow tint, firm or somewhat softened 

 in the centre, and often surrounded with a congested zone. 

 The term " farcy " is applied to the affection of the super- 

 ficial lymphatic vessels and glands, which is specially seen 

 where infection takes place through an abrasion of the 

 skin, such as is often produced by the rubbing of 

 the harness. The lymphatic vessels become irregularly 

 thickened, so as to appear like knotted cords, and the 

 lymphatic glands associated become enlarged and firm, 

 though suppurative softening usually follows, and there 

 may be ulceration. These thickenings are often spoken of 

 as "farcy buds" and "farcy pipes." In farcy also, secondary 



