INDEX. 



Isherwpod, researches of, ii. 135. 



Isomerism, discovery of, ii. 405. 



Isomorphism, ii. 444. 



Ivory, scientific work of, i. 229 ; well 

 known among Continental mathema- 

 ticians, 232 ; not member of any 

 university, 238 ; maintained reputa- 

 tion of British mathematicians, 270. 



Jacobi, C. G. I., i. 44 ; ' Werke,' 185 ; 

 187, 189 ; influence on Helmholtz, 

 199 ; 200, 205, ii. 637 ; his relation to 

 Legendre and Abel, 648 ; on deter- 

 minants, 683, 686; Theta function, 

 696, 728. 



Jacobi, F. H., 'Offener Brief an Fichte,' 

 i. 83 ; 162 ; influenced by Spinoza, 

 212 ; psychology, ii. 495. 



Jaeger, Dr, "germinal" element, ii. 

 457. 



' Jahresberichte ' of Berzelius, i. 167. 



James, Alex., process of cellular 

 division, ii. 445. 



James, King, charter to Edinburgh 

 University, i. 268. 



James, Prof. W., ' Principles of Psy- 

 chology,' ii. 479, 513, 519 ; quoted, 

 .V22, 539. 



Jameson founded Wernerian Society, 

 i. 118 ; 288. 



Jamin, speed of light, ii. 45. 



Januschke, Hans, 'Das Princip der 

 Erhaltung der Energie,' ii. 152. 



Japp, Prof., "Stereo -chemistry and 

 Vitalism," ii. 437; selective action 

 of certain organisms, 598. 



Jardin des Plantes, i. 107. 



Jeffrey, 'Edinburgh Review,' i. 273. 



Jenner, Edward, no connection with 

 the English universities, i. 272 ; 284. 



Jevons, Stanley, ' Principles of Science,' 

 i. 37, 308 ; on theory of probabilities, 

 120 ; 325 ; Bacon's " method of in- 

 stances," ii. 558, 559 ; ' Principles of 

 Science ' quoted, 560, 569 ; 737. 



Joachim of Brandenburg, founds Uni- 

 versity of Konigsberg, i. 159. 



John Frederick, Duke of Hanover, i. 

 158 ; founds University of Jena, 159. 



John, V., 'Gesch. d. Statistik,' ii. 555, 

 587 ; statistics, 563 ; 564 ; quoted, 579. 



Jones, Bence, 'The Royal Institution,' 

 i. 90. 



Jordan, Camille, his 'Theorie des 



Substitutions,' ii. 686, 692. 

 Joseph II., i. 256. 



Joule, James Prescott, the mechanical 

 equivalent of heat, i. 93 ; doctrine of 

 the conservation of energy, 201 ; 



"J" or Joule's equivalent of heat, 

 265 ; and Dalton, ib. ; not connected 

 with Cambridge Mathematical School, 

 266 ; not member of any university, 

 272 ; determination of the equival- 

 ent of heat, 309 ; ' ' mechanical theory 

 of gases," 310 ; 313 ; paper on mol- 

 ecular action, 433 ; calculations of, 

 434 ; 435, 437 ; ii. Ill ; kinetic 

 theory of gases, 34, 162 ; dyn- 

 amical theory of heat, 73 ; inde- 

 pendence of Mayer's writings, 97 ; 

 and Tyndall, 107; heat unit, 109; 

 scientific work of, 110 et seq. ; a pupil 

 of Dalton, 111 ; indestructibility of 

 force, ib. ; revival of interest in the 

 ideas of "Energy," 114 ; his measure- 

 ments utilised by Clausius and Thom- 

 son, 116 ; practical foundation of his 

 researches, 117 ; perpetual motion, 

 124 ; two laws of thermo-dynamics, 

 128 ; force, 130 ; subjection of physi- 

 cal phenomena to dynamical laws, 

 132 ; measurements of, 133 ; and 

 experiments, 137; "Thermal Unit," 

 139 ; conservation of energy, 142 ; 

 electrical phenomena, 146 ; law of, 

 147 ; electrical measurements, 156 ; 

 heat, 178; "energy," 355; statistics 

 in physics, 590, 592. 



Jousse, geometrical work of, i. 114. 



Julius of Brunswick founds University 

 of Helmstadt, i. 160. 



Jungfleisch, ii. 437. 



Jurin, Dr, experiments in capillary 

 attraction, i. 356. 



Jussieu, Ant. Laurent de, author of 

 'Genera Plantarum,' ii. 222, 235, 

 265. 



Jussieu, Bernard de, contributions to 

 the study of natural history, i. 116 ; 

 119 ; botanical work of, 126 ; referred 

 to, 265. 



Justi, ' Winckelmann,' i. 279. 



Kane, his work overlooked, i. 414. 



Kant, scientific methods insufficient by 

 themselves, i. 36 ; influenced popu- 

 larity of lectures on "Encyclopadie," 

 37 ; a century before his time, 45 ; 

 style of, 51 ; decadence of philosophi- 

 cal thought after, 78 ; radicalism of 

 thought of, 81 ; ideas of, developed 

 by Schiller and others, 83 ; Helm- 

 holtz and the philosophy of, 199 ; 

 influenced by political movements in 

 France and America, 203 ; influence 

 on development of German schools of 

 medicine, 208 ; 211, 212 ; mathemati- 



