782 



INDEX. 



Laplace, works of, i. 82, 97 ; Newton's 

 ideas elaborated by, 96 ; mathematics 

 at the F,cole normale, 112, 237 ; 113, 

 115 ; crystallography, 116 ;' Systeme 

 du Monde,' 119, 319; 'Theorie analy- 

 tique des Probabilites,' 120, 325 ; his 

 own populariser, 122 ; statistics, 124 ; 

 126; and Cuvier contrasted, 132 ; 148, 

 154, 177, 181, 187, 200 ; " exact habit 

 of thought, " 222 ; potential func- 

 tion, 231, 316; 241; Dalton's atomic 

 theory, 246 ; 264 ; researches of, 

 281 ; 306, 311 ; ' Mecanique celeste,' 

 319 ; 358 ; gravitation, 321 ; least 

 squares, 324; 326; the Tides, 330; 

 Gauss, 331 ; mathematical expres- 

 sion of astronomy, 333 ; emanation 

 theory of light, 344 ; 346 ; mole- 

 cules, 347 ; gravitation theory, 349 ; 

 molecular attraction, 354 ; ' Theorie 

 de 1'Action capillaire,' 355 ; quoted, 

 356 ; St Venant quoted, 359 ; 362 ; 

 corpuscular theory of light, 370 ; 

 measurement of electrical action, 

 371 ; value of Newton's formula, 373 ; 

 Newton's law, 378 ; astronomical 

 view of nature, 380 ; opposed to 

 undulatory theory, ii. 16 ; on New- 

 ton's emission theory, 17 ; theory of 

 light, 20 ; opposed undulatory theory 

 of light, 24 ; on the commission which 

 crowned Fresnel's 'Memoire sur la 

 Diffraction,' 25 ; extension of gravita- 

 tion into molecular physics, 29 ; 

 theory of capillarity, 33 ; researches 

 into electrical phenomena, 67 ; 

 methods of, 70 ; school of, referred 

 to, 93, 100, 101 ; the material and 

 dynamical conceptions of heat, 118 ; 

 cosmological genesis of planetary 

 system, 209 ; 215 ; astronomical work 

 of, 227; 228; nebular theory, 

 277, 284 ; quoted, 285 ; 290 ; genesis 

 of the cosmos, 320 ; genetic view 

 anticipated by, 330 ; theory of, 357 ; 

 hypothesis of, 360 ; stability of solar 

 system, 386 ; animal heat, 390, 433 ; 

 analysis of phenomena of nature, 

 399 ; 474, 487 ; science of chances, 

 568; 569, 571, 572, 575; method of 

 least square, 576 ; doctrine of prob- 

 abilities, 578 ; influence of, 581 ; 

 statistical method in social questions, 

 599 ; curve of error, 616 ; 634, 637 ; 

 his ' Mecanique celeste ' and ' Theorie 

 des Probabilites,' 642 ; functions of, 

 696 ; 751. 



Larmor, Jos., vortex theory, ii. 63, 64 ; 

 ' ^Ether and Matter,' 89, 195 ; mathe- 



matical theory of electricity, 193 ; 

 his position, 195 ; 197 ; atomic and 

 energetic views, 198 ; 595 ; on vectors, 

 656. 



Lasswitz, 'Geschichte der Atomistik,' 

 i. 433, ii. 5; 'G. T. Fechner,' 369, 

 508 ; Fechner's philosophy, 513. 



Laurent, revives Prout's hypothesis, i. 

 402 ; attack on electro - chemical 

 theory, 409; "type theory," 411; 

 413; quoted, 419; "substitution" 

 in chemical combination, 429. 



Laurillart, Bell's theorem, i. 293. 



Lavater, Caspar, ' Physiognomische 

 Fragrnente,' ii. 477. 



Lavoisier, i. 114, 147 ; services to 

 France, 148 ; 170, 188, 200 ; scientific 

 method of, 306, 365 ; influenced by 

 Laplace, 380 ; theory of combustion, 

 386, 393 ; chemical researches, 391 ; 

 392, 399, 400 ; organic analysis, 407 ; 

 chemical balance, ii. 152 ; atomic 

 view, 153 ; 379 ; and his school, 382 ; 

 animal heat, 390, 433 ; chemical ele- 

 ments, 398. 



Lawes, Sir J. B., experiments and pub- 

 lications in agriculture, i. 284. 



Layard, i. 294. 



Lazarus, psychologist, ii. 497 ; the 

 objective mind in history, 530. 



Leake, M. W., explorations of, i. 296. 



Learning, apparent disintegration of, i. 

 30. 



Least squares, method of, i. 120 ; 183 ; 

 ii. 576. 



Le Bel, the carbon tetrahedron, i. 450. 



Leblanc invents soda process, i. 92. 



Le Breton, report on Fine Arts,"i. 149. 



Le Chatelier, 'Journal de Physique,' ii. 

 169, 173. 



Lecoq de Boisbaudran, discovery of 

 gallium, i. 315, 423. 



Legallois, ii. 519. 



Legendre reforms geometry, i. 44 ; 

 ' Theorie des Nombres,' 82 ; method 

 of least squares, 120, 183. ii. 576 ; i. 

 181 ; ' Traite des Nombres,' 182 ; 

 'Nouvelles methodes pour la deter- 

 mination des orbites des cometes,' 183 ; 

 'Traite des fonctions elliptiques,' 

 185; 187; potential function, 231; 

 on elliptic integrals, ii. 648 ; his rela- 

 tion to Abel and Jacobi, ib. ; Kb'nigs- 

 berger on, ib. ; on foundations of 

 geometry, 656 ; on synthetic method, 

 670 ; functions of, 696 ; 721. 



Lehmann, ' Molecularphysik' quoted, i. 

 443. 



Leibniz, i. 49 ; essay on, by the 



