LIST OF PLATES. 



Facing 

 Page. 



Frontispiece. Elaps euryxanthus, Elaps fulvius, and Ophibolus doliatus Title 



Plate i. A, B, C, Skull of Homalopsis buccata. D, E, Skull of Distira stokesii 10 



2. A, Skulls of a Harmless Snake and of a Boa Constrictor. B, Skull of Naja 



bungarus. C, Skull and Skeleton of Naja tripudians 16 



3. A, B, C, Skull of Naja tripudians. D, E, Skull of Bungarus candidus 16 



4. A and B, Photographs of Naja tripudians 16 



5. A and B, Photographs of Head of Naja bungarus (King Cobra), C, Photo- 



graph of Naja haje (Egyptian Cobra) 16 



6. A, Bungarus candidus (Common Krait). B, Bungarus fasciatus (Banded Krait). 



C, Elaps fulvius (Coral Snake). D, Callophis 22 



7. A, B, C, Skull of Glyphodon tristis. D, E, F, Skull of Elaps marcgravi 22 



8. A, Pseudechis porphyriacus. B, Notechis scutatus. C, Acanthophis 22 



9. A, Distira cyanocincta. B, Enhydrina valakadien. C, Hydrus platurus 32 



10. A and B, Hydrophis. C, Enhydris curtus. D, Platurus laticaudatus 32 



11. A, B, C, Skull of Hydrus platurus. D, E, Skull of Platurus colubrinus 32 



12. A, Vipera berus. B, Cerastes cornutus. C, Cerastes vipera. D, Vipera rus- 



sellii 32 



13. A, B, and C, Skull of Atractaspis. D and E, Skull of Bitis arietans. F, Skull 



of Crotalus horridus 36 



14. A, Ancistrodon hypnale. B, Echis carinatus. C, Bitis arietans 36 



15. Photographs of: A, Skull of Lachesis mutus; B, Skull of Ancistrodon piscivorus; 



C, Skull of Ancistrodon contortrix; D, Skull of Crotalus adaman- 

 teus; E, Rattler of Crotalus adamanteus 36 



16. A, Ancistrodon piscivorus. B, Ancistrodon contortrix 36 



17. A, Lachesis mutus. B, Lachesis flavomaculatus. C, Lachesis gramineus. D, La- 



chesis anamallensis 40 



18. A and B, Lachesis flavoviridis 40 



19. A, Sistrurus catenatus. B, Crotalus adamanteus. C, Crotalus horridus 40 



20. Venom gland of Crotalus adamanteus: A, Longitudinal section; B, Cross- 



section, showing Tubular Raminous Structure; C, Cross-section; 



D, Portion of Tabular Acinus, showing Columnar Epithelial Cells 

 with Nuclei near Base of Cell Body 58 



21. Bones of Crotalus adamanteus 64 



22. Musculature of the Poison Apparatus, Head of Ancistrodon piscivorus 64 



23. A, Normal Precesophageal Ganglia of Sycotypus canaliculatus. B, The Ganglia 



acted on by Cobra Venom 150 



24. A, Medulla oblongata of Rana catesbiana (4 hours in physiol. salt sol.) B, The 



same, kept 2 hours in Cobra Venom solution. C, The same, kept 



4 hours in Moccasin Venom solution 150 



25. Nerve fibers of Rana catesbiana. A, Normal (low power). B, Normal (high 



power). C, Acted on by Cobra Venom for 2 hours (low power). D, 

 Acted on by Cobra venom for 2 hours (high power) 150 



26. A, Haemorrhages from Capillary and Small Vessels of the mesenterial mem- 



brane of Rabbit, under the influence of the venom of Crotalus 

 adamanteus. B, Haemorrhagic and Softening Effects of the venom of 

 Crotalus adamanteus upon M. pectoralis of Pigeon 156 



27. A, Haemorrhage caused by venom of Crotalus adamanteus on the mesentery of 



Guinea-pig. Showing one larger and two smaller ruptures of Cap- 

 illary Vessel. B, Haemorrhage caused by venom of Crotalus ada- 

 manteus on the mesentery of Rabbit. Showing defect of Capillary 

 Vessel wall caused by disappearance of an Endothelial Cell. C. Haem- 

 orrhage in mesentery caused by Crotalus Venom in Rabbit 160 



28. Effect on White and Red Corpuscles of Rabbit. A, Normal rabbit blood; 5 



minutes at 37 C. B, Normal; 24 hours in normal saline at 37 C. 



C, Crotalus Venom, 0.5 per cent; 6 hours at 37 C 170 



ix 



