present not far from 4400 pounds per year. This average might easily 

 be raised to 7000 pounds per cow by adopting the methods used in cow- 

 testing work. This would mean an average increased production per 

 cow for the entire state of 2,600 pounds per year. Considering the num- 

 ber of cows in the state to be 1,800,000, this would give an increased 

 production of milk of 4,680,000,000 pounds. Figuring this at $1.30 per 

 hundred, it gives an increased return to the dairymen of the State of 

 $60,840,000.00 per year. 



Experiments showing how New York State butter-making may be 

 improved. The results of the work in determining the moisture content 

 of butter will make it possible for butter-makers to produce a more uni- 

 form product which will bring a higher price on the market, and also to- 

 produce more butter from a given amount of cream, thus giving the 

 butter-maker and the milk-producer an increased profit in two ways. 

 The profits of such work may be as great as indicated by the following 

 illustration : 



Suppose a creamery receives an average of 10,000 pounds of milk 

 per day. The difference in the cash returns to this creamery resulting 

 from butter containing 14% of moisture as compared with butter con- 

 taining 9% of moisture, is equal to $6.30 per day or $2,299.50 per year. 

 This fact was determined by experiment. 



Poultry investigations. The Poultry Department has conducted 

 experiments which have shown 



(1) That the practice of starving hens to force a molt results in 

 loss instead of gain, the difference amounting to 25c per fowl per year 

 (Bulletin 258). 



(2) That constitutional vigor is a vital factor in the successful 

 handling of poultry ; that it can be recognized by external characters ; 

 that these characters are hereditary and that the constitutional vigor of 

 fowls influences molt, fertility and hatching power of eggs, size and 

 vigor of chicks and prolificacy, amounting to twelve to fourteen eggs 

 per hen per year and 35c to 40c per year profit per hen (Reading- Course 

 Bulletin 45). 



(3) That the supplying of ground feed as a dry mash in the feed- 

 hoppers materially reduces the labor, increases production, decreases 

 mortality, and increases the net profits in the feeding of fowls (Bulletin 

 249). 



(4) That chickens may be reared in flocks of two hundred by the 

 use of a gasoline-heated colony-house system, which reduces the cost of 



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