30 



from the next tenant the unexhausted value of his manuring. 

 He has applied 141 Ibs. of nitrogen per acre, chiefly in the 

 form of oil-cake. This quantity of nitrogen would be con- 

 tained in about 18 cwts. of decorticated cotton-cake, costing 

 at wholesale price 5 ; or in 22 to 30 cwts. of linseed-cake 

 (according to composition), costing from 8 to 12. The 

 cake is employed in this experiment as a manure, and not as 

 a food ; its effect on the following crops is thus the maximum 

 effect it is capable of producing. In only five of the eleven 

 rotations were the turnips actually fed by sheep on the land ; 

 in five the whole crop of turnips was sliced and ploughed in ; 

 and in one rotation the turnips failed, and the manure which 

 had been applied was left in the land for the succeeding 

 crops. Had the cake been given as food to sheep consuming 

 the turnips, a notable proportion of the nitrogen would have 

 been lost to the land. Had the cake been fed to bullocks at 

 the farm buildings, and the manure from the bullocks applied 

 to the turnips, a much larger proportion of the nitrogen would 

 have been lost, and the remainder left in a more inert con- 

 dition. .We have here then a maximum result, from which 

 large deductions must be made before it can be considered 

 applicable to the conditions of our ordinary agriculture. 



The valuation of the crops yielded by the residue of 

 the nitrogenous manure gives the following result : The 

 10 bushels of barley and bushel of wheat will be worth, 

 at our previous estimates, 1. 11s. 9d. ; to this we may add 

 either 7 bushels of beans, worth 1. 9s., or 9 cwts. of clover- 

 hay, worth Z. The total valuation is thus 3. 6s. 3d, if we 

 assume that the two leguminous crops will alternate in a 

 series of rotations ; there will be also in addition a little 

 barley and bean, straw. If we assume that the nitrogenous 

 manure was applied in the form of decorticated cotton-cake, at 

 the cost of 5, we have (besides the feeding value of 7 tons 

 of swedes) a gross return in subsequent crops representing 

 66 per cent, of the cost of the cake. If instead of cotton-cake 

 linseed-cake had been employed, the return in the subsequent 

 crops would represent about 33 per cent, of the cost of the 

 cake. From this gross return the second tenant has of 

 course to deduct the expenses he must go through to realise 



