SUAREZ. 83 



which directs and causes all to understand. Thus, 

 "above all animals there is an active sense; that is, 

 one which causes all different sensations, and by 

 which all are actually sensitive ; and one active in- 

 tellect, the one, that is, which causes all different 

 understanding and by which all are actively intelli- 

 gent." He goes on to say that out of the same 

 corporeal material, all bodies are made, and then 

 occurs the following paragraph : " I add this 

 ' that through diverse causes, habits, orders, meas- 

 ures, and numbers of body and spirit, there are 

 diverse temperaments and natures, different organs 

 are produced, and different genera of things appear.'" 

 FRANCISCO SUAREZ (1548-1617) was almost the 

 last eminent representative of Scholasticism. Mivart, 

 in his Genesis of Species, places him among the post- 

 mediaeval theologians of high authority, who devoted 

 a separate section of their works " in opposition to 

 those who maintain the distinct creation of the vari- 

 ous kinds or substantial forms of organic life." 

 We thus derive the impression that Suarez should 

 be classed with Augustine and Aquinas as a teacher 

 of development; but Huxley in his brilliant article, 

 " Mr. Darwin's Critics," l completely dismisses this 

 enrolment with the Evolutionists, and sets him up 

 as a rigid Special Creationist. He was, in fact, the 

 third great theologian to treat of Creation, and yet 

 as he differed radically in his interpretation of Gene- 

 sis from both Augustine and Aquinas, he may be 



1 The Contemporary Review, 1871. 



