THE MODERN UNIVERSITY MOVEMENT 15 



hives of industry seems to me to have been attended by 

 mutual disadvantages, and to have placed in actual opposition 

 two spheres of human activity that in a well-regulated world 

 should be coincident. I do not think I over-state the case. 

 Broadly speaking, the old universities have been the training 

 ground of statesmen, lawyers, parsons, schoolmasters, and 

 doctors in a word, of the learned professions whilst they 

 have been to an almost negligible extent the training ground 

 of those who immediately direct and control the world of 

 commerce and industry. It cannot be surprising then that 

 there has come about something like an antagonism between 

 the conventional university man and the conventional man 

 of business, or if not an antagonism, then a marked want 

 of sympathy. This is not to be found to anything like 

 the same degree in Scotland or in Germany, where the 

 universities are among the people. I know it has been 

 maintained that a university cannot intellectualize its neigh- 

 bourhood. Newman uses these very words. They may be 

 true of a rural university, but surely they are not true of one 

 placed in a city, and especially of one in which the studies 

 bear closely on the surrounding industries. 



One great misfortune of an isolated university is that its 

 government falls into the hands of a purely academic group 

 of men ; there is no chance of that association of men of 

 thought with men of action which produces a mutual sympathy 

 and understanding, and which checks the excesses to which 

 either class is prone. There can be no doubt that among 

 a great many men, not mere scoffers, but earnest, thoughtful 

 men, there has been a belief that to send a son to the university- 

 was not only of no direct intellectual advantage for the 

 purposes of what is called business, but that a young man 

 might thereby acquire a positive distaste for business, and 

 perhaps be diverted altogether from it. On the other hand it 

 can hardly be denied that there has been a feeling of repug- 



