INDIAN NATIONAL LIFE 81 



is contained in Herbert Spencer's well-known book on * Edu- 

 cation ', and if you wish to know what science has done and 

 what it may be, how it stands in relation to things intellectual, 

 to things moral, to what in brief we may call culture, you 

 will naturally betake yourself to the writings of Huxley. 

 Other names might be mentioned ; Tyndall, the friend and 

 colleague of Huxley, was a champion in the fight for science, 

 and many minor names may be added to these major ones. 



The fruits of this campaign are abundantly evident to-day. 

 Science in many respects has won its place and acquired its 

 workers. We find ourselves continually being enriched by 

 the fruits of scientific discovery applied to the practical con- 

 veniences of life. We expect regularly gifts from science 

 such as those which produce wireless telegraphy, X-rays, 

 radium, and so forth. And again, we can see the fruits of the 

 campaign to which I have" alluded in the change of thought 

 both in philosophy and in theology. And thirdly, we can 

 see the fruits of the scientific campaign in the evolution of 

 educational institutions, among which I would quote the 

 example already cited by our Chairman, the establishment 

 of what are called the modern universities in the various 

 industrial centres of England. Notwithstanding all this potent 

 evidence, I believe the cause of science needs continual re- 

 stating, because no one who looks into the circumstances 

 can fail to admit that science teaching as an element of 

 general- education is still very greatly neglected, and because 

 amidst the clamour for the introduction of science, and amidst 

 the multitude of counsellors, there is a considerable amount 

 of confusion, and the public gains a wrong notion as to the 

 incidence of science both in education and in the life of the 

 nation. Further than this, it is being stated to-day that the 

 claims which were so enthusiastically put forward for science 

 in the nineteenth century have not been substantiated ; that 

 science arrogated to herself at that time the power to explain 



