io Fruit Culture. 



J. N. CARNOHAN : Clay upland soil, well matured, is the 

 best. Clay will hold the trees solid. 



A. N. HOAG : I favor a soil that is a clay loam with 

 porous clay sub-soil undulated with shale. My orchard is 

 on land sloping south on quite a hill-side. 



JESSE FRAZIER : My orchard is on what is termed second 

 bottom land, mostly ; part of it is on first bottom ; these 

 last are not in so thriving a condition, and apparently are 

 not doing so well as those that are on the upland soil. 



HENRY McAusxER, JR. : In planting my trees I take 

 great pains in preparing the ground. The soil of my gar- 

 den is fully three feet deep. A hole is dug six feet in diam- 

 eter and five feet deep. The top soil is thrown to one side 

 and two feet of gravel carted out to repair the street or side- 

 walk. In place of the latter I put good soil mixed with 

 rotten manure. When the excavation is nearly filled up I 

 have put in the trees, and, after arranging the roots in their 

 natural condition, throw in the top soil first removed, sett- 

 ling the earth around the roots by throwing upon it a few 

 buckets of water. Trees so planted will do well, even on 

 light ground, without more than one or two irrigations a 

 year, although twice as many will not injure them. 



J. S. PERKEY : Prepare your ground for planting fruit 

 trees in the fall of the year. Choose a north slope, if pos- 

 sible, plowing trenches eighteen inches deep with the slope 

 of the ground. By plowing the trenches the sub-soil is 

 exposed, freezing and thawing in the winter ; and by plant- 

 ing time in the spring it has become pulverized and is in a 

 fit condition to be placed about the roots of the trees. Leave 

 about six inches of pulverized earth in the bottom of the 

 trench where the tree is to be planted ; set the tree in and 

 place each root in its natural position. Fill in about three 

 inches of fine earth and throw half a pail of water upon it r 

 that the earth may settle close about the roots. Fill the 

 trench about two-thirds full of dirt, tread it lightly, that the 



