664 FRUIT CULTURE IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 



Guadalquivir, Ebro, and Guadiana, and the product constitutes an im- 

 portant branch of commerce for Andalusia, Aragon, Catalonia, Murcia, 

 Navarra, and the Balearic Islands. 



Spanish oils are very little esteemed, and their exportation is rather 

 diminishing. 



French and Algerian oils. In France the cultivation is confined to the 

 southern districts, and covers 94,000 hectares. The production is about 

 250,000 hectoliters. In Algeria about 150,000 hectoliters are produced, 

 of a quality inferior to that of Italy, but better than that of Levant, 

 Spain, or Portugal. 



Austrian oil. In Austria the olive is a little cultivated in the southern 

 Tyrol, in the territory of Gorixia, Gradisa, and Trieste j more exten- 

 sively in Istria and Dalmatia. The yearly production is about 264,000 

 quintals. Of the production in Greece accurate statistics are wanting, 

 though it is known that the cultivation is extensive. 



Ottoman oil. In the Ottoman Empire it is cultivated in Syria, Brussa, 

 Eoumelia, and in the islands of Candia, Cyprus, Metilino, Samos, and 

 Ehodes. 



Greek oil. Grecian and Turkish oils are, however, only used in Eu- 

 rope for the manufacture of soap. 



PRICES OF OLIVE OIL. 



The price of olive oil fell from 170 francs per quintal in 1879 to 120 

 francs in 1882, and the several grades of this article are quoted in the 

 Bulletin of Agriculture, of the 8th instant, as follows : Oil of Lucca, 168 

 to 195 francs ; olive oil for burning, first quality, 85 to 88 francs ; second 

 quality, 78 to 80. The cause of this depreciation is the few uses to which 

 olive oil can be put and the increasing competition of seed oils. The 

 larger olive harvests in Italy and the whole Mediterranean basin is an- 

 other and lesser cause. The competition is principally with the kinds 

 of olive oil used for industrial purposes, and which represent about two- 

 thirds of the entire production. Alimentary oils scarcely feel this com- 

 petition. In the retail market the price of the oils of Lucca and Barri 

 has been almost unchanged, and the demand for them abroad fully sus- 

 tained. 



COTTON-SEED OIL. % 



The seed-oil industry is assuming considerable proportions. Several 

 kinds of this oil were exhibited at the Milan exposition in 1881, and 

 classed among alimentary oils. There were some beautiful specimens 

 of sesame oil exhibited by Messrs. Scerno & Gismundi, who were then 

 producing 30,000 quintals per year. 



The importation of cotton -seed oil was arrested in 1882, since which 

 the demand for oleaginous seeds has increased. In 1882 the importa- 

 tion of these seeds amounted to 252,835 quintals, being 52,335 quintals 

 more than the previous year. It is therefore urged that a duty should 



