150 FRUIT FARMING 



glazed flat saucers, with a piece of stick for them to 

 run up, will kill them in thousands, and oil in phials 

 is a safe remedy. We fear to recommend arsenic 

 compounds on account of their dangerous nature. 



GREEN FLY, APHIS OR WHITE LICE. The Aphis 

 are perhaps the most difficult pests with which the 

 fruit grower has to deal, and in young trees the 

 damage they cause is serious. 



The recent work of Professor Theobald upon these 

 insects establishes the fact that there are three 

 principal species which infest the Apple. 



The Permanent Apple Aphis, as its name implies, 

 feeds entirely upon the Apple ; the two other species, 

 the Rose Aphis and the Blossom and Stem Aphis, 

 migrate in the summer to other plants, returning to 

 the Apple in late autumn. These Aphis are quite 

 distinct from the species found on the Damson, 

 Plum, Cherry, Currant, etc. In all these cases the 

 eggs are laid on the wood in the autumn, and no 

 wash is yet known which will kill these eggs. Remedies 

 having lime as their basis succeed in sealing up the 

 young in the egg, but not in killing them. 



The vulnerable periods at which these insects may 

 be best dealt with are when they hatch out in April 

 and May. And again for the autumn brood, washing 

 with soft soap and Quassia, Abol or McDougall's 

 wash, should be undertaken the very first moment 

 any insects are seen. The fact that there are but 

 few should not lead the grower to consider it a 

 slight attack, and unworthy of the expense of 

 thorough washing. These " stem "-mothers and their 

 progeny will increase by millions in an incredibly 

 short time, and when the leaves curl up, the trees will 



