1 62 FRUIT FARMING 



this occurs, strong measures must at once be taken 

 if the tree is to be saved. The affected shoots must 

 be cut off and burned, and the tree be thoroughly 

 sprayed with Bordeaux Mixture, or more simply, a 

 wash made of one pound Sulphate of Copper to 25 

 gallons of water. The surrounding trees and soil 

 should also receive the spraying to destroy the resting 

 spores. (See end of List). For the spots on leaves 

 and fruits, spraying with Bordeaux Mixture when the 

 fruits are just set, and again a week or two later will 

 keep this down ; but it is dangerous to spray when 

 the fruit is full grown. There are many other fungi 

 which cause spots on Apple leaves, but the above 

 method applies to all. Root pruning as advised 

 above under Canker, will be found effectual in many 

 cases. 



THE APPLE SUCKER (Psylla Mali}. This pest is 

 very prevalent in some localities, and causes wide- 

 spread damage to the blossom and occasionally young 

 wood growth. A marked sign of its attack is the 

 hanging of dead brown blossoms. The eggs of this 

 aphis-like insect are laid in the autumn on the buds 

 and in the crevices of the bark, from which they 

 hatch out in April, and at once bore into the buds 

 where they devour the young half-formed flowers. 

 Cures recommended for winter treatment Lime, ij 

 cwt. ; Salt, 40 Ib. ; Water, 100 gallons. Slake the 

 lime in water, in which the salt has already been 

 dissolved, and strain off through sacking or a fine 

 sieve. The wash is then ready for use. It must be 

 kept well stirred while being used. This wash has 

 the effect of preventing the young larvae from escaping 

 by sealing them up while in the egg. To kill the 



