TRANSPLANTING STOCKS. 131 



have heads formed, and pyramids remain until they have 

 formed two or three tiers of lateral branches-, two feet or 

 two and a half is little enough. Indeed, when pyramids 

 remain for three years, there should be a clear space 

 three feet on all sides. 



Dwarf standards require less space than full stand- 

 ards, and dwarf bushes still less. The stocks intended for 

 these different classes of trees should be planted sepa- 

 rately. In sorting the stocks at the time of dressing, the 

 largest should be used for full standards and the smaller 

 for low or dwarf standards. 



8. Mode of Planting. The square or plot of ground 

 for each class of stocks being ready, a line is stretched 

 along one side and a trench opened with the spade, deep 

 and wide enough to hold the roots ; the plant is then held 

 against the side of the trench next the line, by one man, 

 whilst the earth is filled in by another ; when about half 

 the earth is in, it is trodden down pretty firmly by the 

 foot, and the remainder filled in. As buds are usually 

 inserted on the north side of the stocks they should incline 

 slightly to the south. Good pulverized surface soil should 

 always be put upon the roots, to induce the immediate for- 

 mation of young fibres. During the planting, the roots 

 must be carefully guarded from exposure. A few only 

 should be taken out of the ground at a time. 

 "When there are but few fibrous roots, puddling 

 in thin mud is useful, otherwise not. 



Planting Root Grafts. The quickest mode 

 of planting small root grafts is to stretch a line 

 along the ground to be planted, and with a 

 dibble make the holes and press the earth 

 in around the plants. This dibble should 

 be twelve to eighteen inches long, about 

 two inches in diameter, pointed and shod 

 with iron fig. 86 represents one made of 



