higher percentage of potash, and we consider it will not pay in this 

 country to use the latter source of supply, as the freight rates on 

 Kainit will be the same as the rates for the higher grade potash, 

 hence the latter will reach the farmer much cheaper. 



Nitrogenous Manures. The guano as sold by Cape Govern- 

 ment is exceedingly valuable as a supplier of nitrogen. We have 

 used it for years with good results, and at its present value it is r 

 we are satisfied, the cheapest and most satisfactory medium for 

 giving the soil its nitrogenous needs. Other sources of supply 

 are sulphate of ammonia and nitrate of soda. We have used 

 these in small quantities experimentally, but with indifferent re- 

 sults, or at all events not nearly the same results as obtained from 

 Cape guano. We have experimented with the recovered nitre 

 as placed on the market, it being a by-product by the Cape 

 Explosives Co. at Somerset West. We find that for giving a 

 push to plant growth this beats all others. Extreme caution, how- 

 ever, is necessary, a few grains being all that is needed by a 

 young tree. All nitrogenous manures are very quick acting, and 

 should not be applied \vhen heavy rains are expected ; they at 

 once become soluble, and if heavy rains fall or heavy irrigation 

 follows, the nitrogen will leak out and be lost to the farmer. 



Method of application to, Young Trees. No matter what sort 

 of manure it may be, the way it should be applied is similar. For 

 young trees, spread it just round the stem, about the distance the 

 young roots are known to have spread. Inexperienced planters 

 will find it a help to expose the young roots of a tree, say, 

 planted one or two years old, to find the exact distance from 

 the stem to apply, the roots almost invariably spreading far beyond 

 the idea of the planter. When the orchard is five or six years 

 old, broadcast spreading is the only correct way ; no manure is 

 then needed within four feet of the stems of the trees. 



A common practice of fertilizing citrus orchards in California 

 is to apply it in the irrigation furrows, then run the water on top. 

 Judgment is here required as to how long the water should be 

 allowed to run after its application. No hard and fast rule 

 can ever be laid down. We consider this an excellent scheme 

 for manuring citrus orchards with commercial fertilizers : 



Amount of Manure to apply per tree. Dr. Nobbs, now of 

 the Rhodesian Agricultural Department, lays down the following 

 as a guide only, and same should prove of considerable help to 

 growers : 



Apples, Pears, etc., also Vineyards: 



Nitrate of Soda, 50 TOO Ibs. per acre. 



1. Dissolved Bone or Slag or 



2. Superphosphates 200 400 Ibs. 



3. Muriate or Sulphate of Potash, TOO 200 Ibs. 



4. or Complete Artificial Fertilizer, 400 800 Ibs 



