49 



unpacking the trees should be counted and nurseryman's invoice 

 checked, and then is the time to lay complaints, should there be 

 any. 



\\ V will puMime that on arrival of the trees the ground is 

 not yet staked out, nor the holes dug ; the staking is of course 

 the first work. The distance generally recommended for standard 

 trees is from 18 feet to 22 feet apart. Dwarfs, 6 feet to 8 feet 

 apart. The tools required are a square, which can be made of 

 flooring board, sawn down in middle, each side 10 feet long; a 

 setting-board, which can also be of the same material, 5 feet long, 

 and is made as follows : Find and mark the centre of the board, 

 and also mark exactly two feet on either side of this centre, then 

 saw out 3 triangular notches on these marks or lines, each notch 

 let one inch into the board; a copper wire 210 feet long (this, by- 

 the-bye ) , should be kept rolled up upon a frame, which any tin- 

 smith can make), with a lump of solder fixed at every exact 

 20 feet, leaving five feet at each end, to which ends rings for 

 holding it should be attached. Two men are needed for the 

 staking, whom we will style A and B. The first thing to do is 

 to find a right angle, taking in as much of the block as possible. 

 This is got by using the square, the side of which is long enough 

 to enable one to sight the length of the field. Having decided 

 where the corner angle is to come it is at once secured by A 

 placing the square on the ground to the lay of the block. The 

 two sides of the base square can now be easily drawn, by A 

 remaining at the angles and sighting along the square for B, 

 who, with a bundle of 6 feet reeds, walks along the projected 

 line, placing one on every 30 or 40 yards, which may be pushed 

 firmly in after its correctness is determined by A. This line can 

 be sighted out the entire length of field by so placing a succession 

 of reeds. The second line of the base angle may in the same 

 manner be sighted out. The right angle is now secured, which 

 forms the two sides of the base square. Xext the wire is 

 stretched along one of the lines, both men having previously 

 shouldered a bag of stakes, or reeds, say, 12 inches long, which 

 should have been previously dipped in a thick lime to their centres. 

 After the wire is fixed, both walk towards the middle, at each lump 

 of solder pushing a stake into the ground for three-quarters of 

 its length, the white-washed end uppermost, and always on the 

 same side of the wire. When all are staked, the wire is moved 

 along onward, until the whole length of one side is staked at 

 exactly twenty feet apart ; the other side of the angle is then 

 similarly staked, beginning, of course, from the first stake set, 

 which will be the corner one. The wire will allo\v for the mark- 

 ing out for ten trees at once ; the men. therefore, move down this 

 latter l-ine to the tenth stake, bring the wire parallel with the 

 first line staked. The angle is then brought up to the tenth peg r 



