5 



and another line is sighted and marked with six feet reeds parallel 

 with the first. The correctness of this parallel line should now 

 be tested by the wire in, say, two places, the angle being placed 

 by A in each case square with the first line drawn, to enable him 

 to know that the wire is stretched at a right angle. If the 

 sighting has been correct they should have a perfect parallelo- 

 gram. Upon A assuring himself of this fact, the wire is stretched 

 along No. 3 line, and it is staked out, as before, its entire length. 

 A and B then bring the wire back to the two opposite stakes 

 parallel, and twenty feet from the second line, they then stretch 

 the wire across, and both walk towards the centre, staking at each 

 piece of solder, and always taking care to place the stakes on the 

 same side of the line as those already set. When the whole paral- 

 lelogram is staked, it can be used as a base square, and the rest 

 of the piece can be worked from it by a continuation of the same 

 process, or by sighting each row. Two men should stake out, in 

 this way, from ten to fifteen acres in a day. When the whole 

 piece is finished, and it is better to finish before planting^ the cor- 

 rectness, or otherwise, of the work is at once apparent by the 

 white line of stakes. Great care must be taken that the wire 

 does not become crinked. Now A must take the setting-board, 

 as already described, and, having slung over his shoulders a bag 

 of stakes, he places the centre notch of the board to the first stake, 

 and after placing one foot on the board to hold it firm, pushes in 

 two other stakes, taking care they are driven squarely into the 

 ground in the other notches, the original central stake can now 

 be withdrawn and ready for use at the next hole. The first hole 

 is now ready for the digger, who makes his hole in the middle, 

 between the two stakes, throwing the upper soil to one side, and 

 the sub-soil to the other side, in each case just by the hole; care 

 must be taken by the digger not to move the stakes with his feet. 

 When the hole is complete it is ready for the planter, who corner 

 along with a setting-board exactly similar to the one used fo. 

 staking, and, after selecting a tree from those which are pre- 

 sumably beside him, protected by a wet sack, and kneeling clown 

 with one knee on the board, the tree is brought into the c^rtrai 

 notch, the roots are carefully spread out with the hands, and what 

 was the surface soil is gently shovelled in : the planter taking care 

 it is well worked among the roots with his hands. When suffi- 

 cient is worked in to hold it firm, with one hand holding the tree 

 in an upright position, he rises, and the men shovel in the re- 

 mainder of the soil, the planter retaining his hold on the stem of 

 the tree to keep it upright, at the same time treading gently down 

 while the soil is being thrown in, to firmly fix the tree, which we 

 may say should be planted at the same depth as it has formerly 

 stood in the nursery. The holes cannot be dug too big or too 

 deep; but before beginning planting enough soil should be re- 



