8o 



RESIN WASH. 



For Scale Insects, Aphides, etc. 



or 



Resin (cheapest) 24 pounds, 2* pounds, 



Caustic Soda (98 per cent.) 5 pounds, i pound, 



Fish or Whale Oil ^ pints, pint, 



Water to make 100 gallons. 10 gallons. 



Crush resin fine, which easily done by pounding it in a sack. Place 

 15 (or ii) gallons water in cooking pot, stir in soda and oil, and bring 

 to boil. ~ Gradually add resin, stir continually, and keep boiling until 

 ingredients fully dissolved and for further ten minutes. Add water 

 slowly during cooking to keep foam down, and at end add water to 

 25 (or 2$) gallons. Cooking may take hours if resin settles, but only 

 about a half hour if all conditions good. Dilute to full extent at con- 

 venience. Keep in closed vessel. Boil again if settles. This wash 

 specially recommended for summer use against scales. Substitute quart 

 soft soap for pint oil if latter not obtainable. -Against soft scale and 

 aphides efficient without oil or soap. See Soap Wash. 



SOAP WASH. 

 For Scale Insects, Aphides, Etc. 



Soap (hard or soft) i pound 



Water 2 to 6 gallons. 



Recommended as substitute for Resin Wash when preparation of 

 latter impracticable, but sometimes damages foliage. Use Sunlight or 

 other pure soap. Dissolve in boiling water and, to have fluid, use while 

 warm. Dilute to two gallons for Hard Scales, to three gallons for Soft 

 Scale, Cabbage and Woolly aphides, and to six gallons for Green Fly and 

 other naked aphides. 



PARAFFIN EMULSION. 



For Scale Insects, Aphides, Etc. 



Soap (good quality, hard or soft) i pound. 



Paraffin Oil 4 gallons. 



Water (soft) 2 gallons. 



Chip soap into water and boil until dissolved. Remove from fire, 

 immediately add oil and for five to ten minutes vigorously churn or pump 

 back upon itself. Thickens and should keep in closed vessel without 

 separating. Against scales, use one measure diluted with four measures 

 water when leaves off, or one diluted with nine when foliage present. 

 Against aphides, dilute with nine to fifteen parts water. Unreliable 

 against many scales, and apt to injure peach and other tender plants. 

 Soften water or use extra soap if water hard; or, for immediate use omit 

 soap and substitute unheated sour milk for water. 



PARAFFIN AND WATER. 

 For Scale Insects, Aphides, etc. 



More efficacious than paraffin emulsion, but has to be applied with 

 special oil-water pump and, largely because pump is unreliable, more likely 

 to damage plants. Bucket pumps generally safer than larger types. 

 Against scales, use ten to fifteen per cent oil. Against aphides, 5 per cent. 

 Watch gauge. Pump evenly and keep oil and water approximately level. 

 Advisable frequently to test percentage oil being delivered. For this 

 purpose pump into graded glass and add salt to expedite separation of 

 liquids. 



