Si 



MISCIBLE OILS. 



Factory-made emulsions of petroleum oils generally far superior to 

 soap emulsions. Scalecide, Orchard Spraying Oil, and Gargoyle Red 

 Spraying Oil are examples. May cause much foliage to fall at greatest 

 dilution effective against scale yet use commendable when infestatioa 

 severe and fumigation impracticable. 



TOBACCO. 

 For Aphides, etc. 



Tobacco Extract (non-arsenical 6-8 % nicotine), i measure. 



Water 70-150 measures. 



Soap or Wheat Flour at rate i pound to 20 gallons. 



Dilution should contain one-twelfth to one-twentieth per cent nicotine, 

 and this is obtained by adding one measure of most extracts to 70-150 

 measures water. One to 80 is common strength. Mix evenly in small 

 quantity of water, then stir into bulk. Soap or flour increases penetrating 

 power. If soap chosen, dilute whh half the water and dilute extract with 

 other half, then mix. If flour used, make into paste as directed under 

 Lime-Sulphur. 



Waste tobacco broken fine and soaked several days or simmered 

 couple of hours usually makes efficient wash when at rate five pounds to 

 ten gallons water. 



Powdered tobacco useful against Woolly Aphis on apple roots. Re- 

 move surface soil and apply three to ten pounds, depending on size of 

 tree, along course of roots. Re-place soil. 



HYDROCYANIC ACID GAS. 

 For Scale Insects, Vermin in Houses, etc. 



Sodium Cyanide 129-130% i ounce. 



Sulphuric Acid (commercial (90% or higher) i fluid ounces. 

 Water (fresh) 2 fluid ounces. 



For enclosed spaces only. Generate in vessel of earthenware or 

 other material not attacked by acid which has at least quart capacity for 

 every two ounces cyanide being used, preferably rounded at bottom and 

 provided with lid to check splash and to spread gas. First put in water, 

 then acid, and lastly cyanide, avoiding splashing. Have cyanide in lumps 

 of size that will be covered by liquid. Close space immediately chemicals 

 mixed as gas extremely poisonous to man. Always keep cyanide and 

 acid in air-tight vessels locked in dry place. Both chemicals dangerous. 



For plants treated in fumigation chambers, use quantities stated to 

 each 200 cubic feet in case of leafless woody plants, and 350 cubic feet in 

 case of citrous and other woody evergreens. Expose one hour. 



For orchard citrous trees use octagon covers of closely-woven duck, 

 keeping enclosed 45 minutes or more. Unless infestation very bad, avoid 

 fumigating oranges when fruit smaller than fowl's egg. Operate at night 

 or on very cloudy days and in absence of wind. Give dosage propor- 

 tioned to size of tree and extent of leakage through cover, obtaining guide 

 tables from Division of Entomology. Roughly the number of ounces of 

 cyanide for any tree more than eight feet high may be reckoned as three- 

 fourths the number of feet over the covered tree multiplied by the number 

 of feet around it divided by 100. 



