9 2 



For seedling trees, peach and plants with tender foliage, the 

 formula should be: 



Copper sulphate 4 Ibs. 



Quicklime 4 Ibs. 



Water 100 gallons. 



To obtain the best results it is most important that a good 

 grade of copper sulphate be procured, and on no account should 

 air-slacked lime be used. 



The most efficient way of making up the mixture is to em- 

 ploy stock solutions of copper sulphate and lime respectively. In 

 the case of the copper sulphate, 25 Ibs. of this salt should be 

 suspended in a piece of sacking in a tub or other receptacle con- 

 taining 25 gallons of water. As soon as all the copper sulphate 

 has dissolved, this portion is ready for use, and will keep in this 

 condition indefinitely, provided it is well covered over to prevent 

 evaporation. 



As regards the lime, this should be slacked in as shallow a 

 receptacle as possible. Twenty-five pounds of lime should be 

 taken and water should be added gradually until the whole is 

 obtained in the form of a smooth paste, when enough water to 

 make the whole up to 25 gallons should be poured in. 



The stock solutions are now of a definite strength, viz., i Ib. 

 to the gallon, and if it is required to use the 4-4-50 formula^ four 

 gallons of copper sulphate solution should be poured into a vessel 

 and 21 gallons of water added. In the same way, 4 gallons of 

 the lime solution, together with 21 gallons of water, should be 

 poured into a second vessel. The two solutions should now be 

 poured simultaneously into a vessel capable of holding 50 gallons 

 and over. The copper sulphate solution may be added slowly 

 to the lime water, but the lime water should never be poured into 

 the copper sulphate solution. 



To make sure that the mixture has been properly made up, 

 the blade of a knife should be held in it for about a minute, and 

 if on withdrawing there is no deposit of copper on the blade the 

 mixture may be assumed to be safe for use. If, however, there 

 is any evidence of copper on the blade, the mixture must be 

 looked upon as unsafe. 



It is only within the last ten years that lime-sulphur solu- 

 tions have been employed as fungucides, although their value as 

 scalecides had long been known. It has many advantages over 

 Bordeaux mixture, in that it is not liable to injure tender foliage 

 and fruit ; it possesses insecticidal properties as well as fungicidal, 

 and can be bought ready made at fairly reasonable prices. 



Lime-sulphur solutions may be prepared in two ways: either 

 by mixing sulphur' with slacking lime, when the heat generated 

 produces a fine mechanical mixture of lime and sulphur, and to 

 which the name " self-boiled lime-sulphur" is given;' or by 



