364 INFLUENCES OF CULTIVATION 



it is proposed to confine this to evidences of the more im- 

 mediate effects of the cultivation of the soil and of the ways 

 of civilized life. In four marked directions these influences 

 have tended. To one set of animals, unable to accommodate 

 themselves to the changes, they have meant reduction in 

 numbers, restriction of range, and even extermination ; to 

 another set, less fixed in habit, the new conditions have 

 merely afforded new opportunities of increase and expansion ; 

 in some ways they have made easy the dispersal of animals 

 in fresh areas ; and in many a creature they have actually 

 induced the adoption of new habits of life. 



