INJURIES BY ROUNDHEADED BORERS. 



353 



ing galleries and scoring the surface of the sapwood, sometimes 

 almost entirely separating bark from wood. They finally enter the 

 wood, sometimes mining to the heartwood, where the mine becomes 

 longitudinal. Pupation takes place in either 

 bark or wood, but usually in heartwood. It 

 is probable that there is but one generation a 

 year and that adults emerge and deposit eggs 

 in July, August, and September. 



The same recommendations for preventing 

 injury as those given for the cedar-tree borer 

 are applicable to this species.. 



THE BANDED AST! BORER. 



ru Say.) 



(Ncocli/tu$ 



Numerous complaints have been received 

 by the Bureau of Entomology regarding seri- 

 ous damage to ash lumber by the banded ash 

 borer and closely related species. Of all 

 species concerned, however, this is apparently 

 the most destructive, the larvse perforating 

 the sapwood with their mines (fig. 26) and 

 greatly depreciating its value, if not entirely 

 ruining it. Besides ash, the borer attacks and 

 lives in mesquite and, rarely, in white oak. 



The larva is an elongate, footless, fleshy 

 white grub about an inch in length when 

 mature. The adult is an elongate beetle, 15 

 to 18 mm. in length. The ground-color is 

 black, with four yellowish-white bands on 

 the elytra or wing-covers and one on the 

 {interior border of the prothorax. The tips 

 of the elytra are yellowish white. The 

 female beetle deposits her eggs on the bark 

 of dy'mg or dead trees or logs. There is but 

 one generation a year. The adults usually 

 emerge and deposit eggs in March, April, or 

 May. The larva. 1 mine in the bark and sap- FIG. 26. Work of the banded 

 wood and pupate in the sapwood. ^T'^SS^S' .~ 



Ash trees cut in the summer, fall, or early log showing larval mines. 

 winter are less liable to attack from this 



species than those cut in the spring, but even those cut in the fall are 

 sometimes attacked the following spring. The best way to prevent 

 injury to logs cut during the winter and spring, when the logs are 



