INSECTS INJURIOUS TO CEREALS 251 



hard to eradicate. In such cases, all of the flour and 

 cereals will have to be removed and the receptacles 

 thoroughly cleaned in some manner. The beetles may 

 often hide in the cracks, and in that case boiling water 

 will perhaps prove the best material with which to reach 

 them. Whenever it is feasible to fumigate the bin or 

 storage receptacles with carbon bisulfide this will prove 

 effective if the flour containing the beetles is thrown away 

 or fed out. They are so small and flour is so hard to 

 penetrate with the gas that fumigation will not reach the 

 insects when embedded in the food material. To make 

 doubly sure, wooden barrels, buckets, or bins might well 

 be given a good coating of white paint inside and out 

 as a final touch to the efforts at eradication. 



THE RUST-RED FLOUR-BEETLE 



Tribolium ferrugineum 



The rust-red flour-beetle is very similar to the confused 

 flour-beetle and the two species have evidently been much 

 confused. We have not found the rust-red species in 

 New York, although it occurs in this latitude. It seems 

 to be more generally confined to the Southern states, where 

 it infests grain much as the confused flour-beetle. Its 

 work and habits are similar to the species just discussed. 

 J. B. Smith in his catalogue of the insects of New Jersey 

 says that these two species occur in that state together 

 and very often mixed with one another in the same food 

 mass. 



The two species may be distinguished by differences in 

 the antennae and in the margins of the heads. 



