, NATURAL HISTORY OF INSECTS. 



where to deposit her eggs. The larvae are generally naked, and 

 are provided with twenty or twenty -two legs (Figs. 44, 60, 136, 

 137, and 174.) They usually live exposed upon the leaves of 

 plants, but a few kinds live in galls. (For other examples of 

 the perfect insects, see Figs. 14, 130, and 133.) 



HORN-TAILS (Uroceridce). These insects are mostly of a large 

 size ; the veins of the front wings extend to the outer edge; the 

 abdomen is more or less cylindrical, and in the males there is 

 a long horn at the tip; the ovipositor of the female is attached 

 to the middle of the under side of the abdomen, and extends 

 far beyond its tip, and the anterior tibiae have a single spur at 

 the tip. The larvae live in the trunks, etc., of trees, and are 

 provided with only six legs, the prolegs being obsolete, or 

 nearly so. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

 FAMILIES OF LEPIDOPTERA. (Butterflies and Moths.) 



The insects belonging to this Order are divided into two 

 Classes, as follows : 



CLASS I. BUTTERFLIES (Rhopalocera). In these insects the 

 antennae are filiform and terminate in a knob (Fig. 95), which 

 is sometimes produced into a hook at the tip. 



These insects fly only in the daytime, and are usually of 

 bright colors; the hind wings are generally colored as brightly 

 as the fore ones; when at rest the wings are usually brought 

 together over the back, but some of the Skippers hold the hind 

 wing stretched out or expanded when at rest. The larvae or 

 caterpillars mostly live exposed upon the leaves of plants, 

 but a few kinds live under a web, in a rolled leaf, or in a nest 

 formed by fastening several leaves together with silken threads. 

 They are provided with sixteen legs, but in a few kinds these 

 are so small that in creeping the whole under surface of the 

 body touches the object upon which the caterpillar is crawling. 



When about to assume the pupa form, the greater number 

 suspend themselves in various ways ; others construct a sort 



