134 NATURAL HISTORY OF INSECTS. 



i. ' ' 



SUB-FAMILY II. (Lecaninae). 

 Genus CEROPLASTES. 



The several species belonging to this genus are furnished 

 with a thick covering of waxy material, which does not, how- 

 ever, adhere closely to the insect. This covering is formed 

 of layers secreted by the spinnerets. Some of the species 

 have tuberosities upon the back, which are larger or smaller 

 according to the age of the insect, and which entirely disappear 

 at full growth, when it becomes smooth and globular. The 

 antenna? are six-jointed, the third joint being the longest. In 

 the larva state the fourth and fifth appear as one. The legs, 

 are long; the claw is furnished with four digitules, of which 

 the two shortest are very large and horned-shaped. The male 

 of this genus is not known. Examples The Florida-scale 

 (Fig. 317) and the Barnacle-scale (Fig. 31S). 



Genus PULVINARIA (Targioni). 



This genus is not well defined. It was established for those 

 species of Lecaninae, in which the females, after fecundation, 

 secrete below and at the posterior end of the body, a mass of 

 cottony material which forms a nidus for the eggs. Example 

 The Cottony Maple-scale (Fig. 319). 



Fig. 319. 



Genus LECANIUM. 



This genus includes those species which are naked and, at 

 first, boat-shaped, taking on, however, after impregnation, very 

 diverse forms, ranging from nearly flat to globular. Examples 

 The Black-scale (Fig. 294), the Filbert-scale (Fig. 320), and 

 the Soft Orange-scale (Fig. 321). 



