180 [Assembly 



of Norwich, Conn. The movements of this machine are exclusively 

 effected by cam motions. 



A machine of nearly equal ingenuity has been invented, by which 

 zylographic engravings are executed, and machines for making steel 

 pens. 



These various improvements have had their due influence, (with 

 other improvements not strictly machines) in giving to the public 

 cheap publications. Books, pamphlets, periodicals and journals, have 

 been multiplied more than a hundred fold within the last fifty years. 



Another secondary want of man is, the means of locomotion. 



Within twenty years the rapid flight of the railroad car has been 

 to us a novelty, the scream of the steam whistle, new music. If our 

 countrymen cannot claim priority in bringing into existence this 

 grand invention, it is with pride we have it to say, that Oliver 

 Evans first proclaimed, with mathematical accuracy, the feasibility 

 and utilily of this mode of locomotion. 



The first attempt at locomotive building was successful only, as 

 vehicles of transportation, making but ten or twelve miles the hour. 

 The introduction of the small and many tube boilers, known ^s 

 Nott's tubelar boilers, aided by the invention of the suction draft, 

 from the escape steam, at once relieved, and regenerated, the lazy ten 

 miles an hour machine, (as at first bifilt,) and gave it a speed of 

 sixty miles an hour; seventy-eight miles have been attained. 



The rapid extension of lines of railroads in the United States, and 

 elsewhere, naturally invest the subject of improvements in the super- 

 structure of such roads; the means of producing a supply of rail- 

 road bars, of improvements in locomotives, cars, car wheels, trucks, 

 safety breakes, and railroad bridges, with considerations of the high- 

 est magnitude. 



Improvements in rolling mills for making railroad iron, have very 

 much promoted one of these objects. 



In this department there was exhibired, at the late Fair of the 

 American Institute, and for which the highest honors of the Insti- 

 tute was bestowed, superior specimens of railroad bars, showing a 

 very creditable progress in the quality of production of iron for that 

 purpose. 



