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alarly when they rise nearly, or quite up to the cornices of the rooms* 

 and a proper state of ventilation is produced. In order to facilitate 

 this, the upper portions of the sashes should be made to draw down- 

 ward from the top. Latticed windows, or those having blinds, are 

 cheerful and picturesque, but they are sometimes so constructed, as 

 to be ineffectual in keeping out wind and rain. Blank windows are 

 deceptive objects at best, and are never resorted to as expedients for 

 producing symmetry and efiect by designers whose taste is governed 

 by the dictates of reason. 



14. High and massive chimney tops, in a cold climate like ours, 

 give a cottage an appearance of cheerfulness, because they are asso- 

 ciated in the observer's mind with the glowing grates and comfort- 

 able firesides within. They should always rise boldly out of the 

 roof, so as to give symmetrical effect, and maintain, at the same time, 

 a conspicuous place. As various kinds of iron stoves, grates, and 

 ranges are manufactured, and may be had at a moderate cost, the 

 old-fashioned fireplace is generally dispensed with, except in certain 

 parts of the country, where wood is plentiful, and mineral coal is 

 not to be obtained. Besides, a great portion of the heat generated 

 in a fireplace is absorbed by the mason work, and is wasted in the 

 open air. If a fireplace be adopted at all, it should be formed in an 

 interior wall and in a central part of the building. And in no case., 

 if it can he avoided, should a door way, opening into a room, he near 

 to, nor on the same side of the apartment vnth the fire place, or stove; 

 for it is well established, that, a door situated so as to open hard by 

 a fireplace, destroys in a great measure, the comfort of the room. 



15. The kitchen, which is a most important appendage to eveiy 

 farm house, should be large, high, well lighted and ventilated, and 

 should be placed near by, but not under, nor directly adjoining the 

 dining room; nor should it be placed under, or contiguous to any 

 other part of the main body of the house, where the inmates would 

 be annoyed by its heat, or fumes. The kitchen floor should be cov- 

 ered with fire-proof materials, as metal, bricks, tiles, or stone. The 

 kitchen, or wood cellar, should also be provided with a brick oven, 

 and a pump and sink, with proper drains for conveying off the wash. 



16. One or more pantries are requisite in every cottage, and 

 should there be but one only, that would be most conyenient between 

 the dining room and kitchen. 



