Reports OF Judges. 211 



tiful and perfect mechanical contrivances that we have ever seen 

 for accomplishing a desired object. 



"We would respectfully suggest that the managers should give a 

 conspicuous notice of this invention, as Ave are confident that if 

 they could all have had an opportunity of examining its applica- 

 tion, they would agree with us in the award of a premium which 

 we desu'e to give it. 



No. 562. Interfering Hoof Cushion. (F. B. Doughty.) An 

 ingenious device. 



No. 29. Runner for Shoeing Express Wagons. (Eugene Ward.) 

 An ingenious and simple device for shoeing the wheels. 



No. 822. Method of Constructing Wooden Pavements. (C. 

 Williams.) Of the three kinds of pavement on exhibition, No. 

 822 is considered the best, for the following reasons: 



It is compai'atively noiseless, and likely to remain level, and to 

 injure carriages and horses less than common pavements. It is 

 made of wooden blocks, creosoted to prevent rot, and saturated 

 with asphaltum to prevent absorption of water and consequent 

 swelling and shrinking. It is laid on a bed of concrete, a thin 

 stratum of cement made of asphaltum and sand is poured hot upon 

 the concrete, and the blocks are set in it and pressed down to a 

 level, so that when cold they are solidly united to the concrete 

 bed. There are dove-tail grooves at the joints, and at intervals in 

 the faces of the blocks to prevent slipping. Wooden keys are 

 put in the junction grooves, to lock the blocks, so that they could 

 not move up or down if laid on a weak foundation. Hot asphaltum 

 cement is then poured into all the grooves, and aids the keys in 

 locking the blocks together. This asphaltum cement has consid- 

 ei-able strength, and is expected to hold the pavement together, 

 so that the blocks will not settle individually, in case the founda- 

 tions become defective; but it wears faster than the wood, so that 

 the action of the horses' feet will constantly keep the grooves open 

 to a sufficient depth. 



When it is expected that the pavement will be taken up to lay 

 pipes, a little sand may be sifted over the concrete cement, to pre- 

 vent the blocks from sticking to it, so that they cannot be lifted. 

 When a block is to be taken up, hot plates of iron are passed 

 into the grooves, the concrete cement is melted, and the block can 

 be lifted. 



The judges consider this the best pavement on exhibition, but 

 they have so little knowledge of several other wood pavements 



