230 Transactions of the American Institute. 



Mr. Wm. S. Carpenter stated that the subject has been ably dis- 

 cussed and experimented upon by practical horticulturists, and no 

 difference can be perceived in the growth and thrift of a tree, 

 •whether it is transplanted as it grew or otherwise. 



Dr. Eichards stated that he had read the treatise of a Mr. Stuart, 

 an intelligent Scotchman, who had made numerous interesting 

 experiments on this point, and he found that his success was not at 

 all affected — either for or against — by placing the side of the tree 

 to the Korth that originally grew on the north side. 



Mr. R, G. Pardee thought that there is no practical advantage in 

 observing the suggestion to plant trees in this manner. The main 

 point of difficulty in transplanting trees is, three-fourths of them 

 are stunted by being badly planted. Most people crowd the roots 

 of their trees into a small hole, instead of spreading them out as 

 they naturally grew. The result is that you can scarcely find a 

 tree anywhere but what its growth is stunted, after having been 

 transplanted in this manner. If more care were exercised in trans- 

 planting trees, more satisfactory success will follow. If men who 

 are about to plant trees would pay an experienced gardener twenty- 

 five dollars to show them how to put out a tree correctly, they 

 would be gainers in dollars and cents. 



Mr. Wm. Lawton admitted that, under certain circumstances, it 

 might be advantageous to transplant a tree different from what it 

 originally grew. 



PRONG HOE. 



Dr. Hexamer, Newcastle, N. Y., exhibited one of his prong hoes, 

 which somewhat resembles a potato hook, but it is larger and 

 lighter, and has a number of tines, and is so made that the tines 

 can be replaced if broken. 



valentine's patent shears for pruning and gathering flowers 



and fruit. 

 IVIr. Wm. B. Peck exhibited, and distributed among the members, 

 a dozen grape and flower pickers, which are similar to scissors. 

 A spring on the flat of one of the blades holds a bunch of grapes 

 after it is cut from the vine, so that one can carry it to the basket. 

 Hence one holds the scissors in one hand and the basket in the 

 other, and works rapidly. The invention is very ingenious, and 

 received the approbation of the members. 



newcombe's fruit picker. 

 Mr. S. Edwards Todd exhibited one of these pickers. It is 

 simply a pair of jaws, with a cutting edge at the upper -end, which 



