466 Transactions of the American Institute. 



October, is not so liable, probably ou account of the cool weather; 

 we have had this variety, in open seasons, bear until December; it 

 has been considered a great nuisance, on account of its tendency to 

 sucker, but it is hardy and retains its foliage until extreme cold 

 weather, and the fruit when preserved retains its flavor better than 

 any other kind; on this account it is valuable. 



Downing: a seedling raised by the well-known pomologist; fruit 

 large, color crimson, strong canes, tender. 



Davison's Thornless: similar to the Blackcap, but it will prove 

 a greater favorite with the ladies, as they can pick the fruit without 

 having scratched hands, torn dresses, and ruffled tempers ; the 

 canes ai*e perfectly smooth; it is not quite as strong a grower as the 

 Doolittle, the foliage is pretty, the edges of the leaves being 

 crimped, it ripens a few days earlier, and is the best of the Black- 

 caps. 



At the conclusion of this paper, the thanks of the Club were ten- 

 dered to the author 



CATTLE DISEASE. 



Mr. J. B. Lyman. — We have with us to-day a gentleman who 

 has done the world a service by his investigations of the cattle dis- 

 ease, and I take pleasure in introducing to you Professor John 

 Gamgee, of the Albert Veterinary College, Loudon. 



Prof. G. said that he had devoted much of his life to the study 

 of the laws of nature, respecting the life, decay and death of the 

 lower animals. He expressed surprise at the great mortality iu 

 this country among the useful animals, from diseases entirely cure- 

 able. He thinks the loss to America from this source alone amounts 

 to twenty or thirty millions of dollars annually. He spoke of epi- 

 zootic diseases and the rapidity with which they ai-e introduced 

 from one country to another. He alluded to the hog cholera and 

 to the tapeworm, and spoke of the mysterious law of animal life 

 that often makes it necessary that man and the nobler animals 

 should die to perpetuate the vilest and most repulsive of worms. 

 A tapeworm thi'ows off eighty millions of eggs. Fortunately all 

 but one of them generally perish. Else the higher animals, man 

 included, must perish of this most loathsome disease. Much of 

 his attention had been devoted in England to the arrest of traffic iu 

 diseased cattle, and the stoppage of epizootic maladies, but of late 

 he had been studying the possibility of carrying slaughtered ani- 

 mals from one continent to another, in a fresh and palatable state. 



