292 The Valley of Lake Champlain. 



brought all the best English apples and other fruits. The 

 principal early export of this valley was lumber, all of which 

 went to Canada. 



Many of the most enterprising settlers were engaged in it, 

 who, in their visits to Canada, soon collected most of the 

 French and English apples, many of which are now growing, 

 known only by local names. 



Others were brought from the older New England states 

 and New York, with the names lost, and afterwards known 

 by many local names or the general term of " graft applks." 

 Probably in no other part of the United States is there so 

 great a variety of superior apples, with the true names un- 

 known, as in this valley. There are numerous seedling or 

 native apples cultivated, each being a favorite with its owner. 

 KfeiD superior seedlings will soon be more generally known. 

 Orchards have been greatly neglected, — and nurseries so 

 much that those who wish to plant many trees are obliged 

 to send abroad for them. But fashions are changing, — nur- 

 series from one to four years old are common, and trees will 

 soon be very plenty. There is also more attention paid to 

 orchards, but less perhaps than any other portion of a farm. 

 All the native or seedling apples of New England which are 

 cultivated here grow well, and also English, French, Prus- 

 sian or German varieties. 



The Newtown Pippin is common in some places, and in 

 good seasons, in favorable locations, is quite perfect ; while in 

 cold or wet seasons it is smaller and inclined to be spotted. 

 The same to some extent may be said of the Esopus 

 Spitzenburg, — but it is more hardy than the Newtown Pippin, 

 and is much cultivated. The Yellow Bellflower has grown 

 well and proved hardy in the northern county of the State 

 where old trees are growing. 



Pears have been but little cultivated. In some towns 

 there are pear trees on almost every farm planted about sixty 

 years since. They are uniformly hardy. Many of them are 

 still native seedlings, though a considerable portion were 

 grafted when young. Among old pears the St. Michaels, 

 (White Doyenne) is the most common. No pear is here 



