PARTS OP THE FLOWER, 



When the seed is 

 ripe, the germ is then 

 called the pericarp, 

 from the Greek per%, 

 around, and karpos, 

 fruit. Pericarps are oi 

 different kinds ; that ot 

 the lily is called a cap- 

 sule, (signifying cask- 

 et,) (Fig. 3. il;) it is of 

 a diy membraneous 

 texture, and when ripe 

 opens by the separa- 

 tion of pieces, called 

 valves. In the capsule 

 at A, is seen a longi- 

 tudinal opening, with 

 fibres connecting the 

 valves as appears in a mature state. (Fig. 3. B) represents the cap- 

 sule as if cut transversely to show its three cells (6 ;) each cell contains 

 two triangular seeds (c.) 



The lily, although a beautiful flower, is deficient in one organ, 

 which is common to the greater part of flowers ; this is ihe calyx, or 

 cup, which is usually green, and surrounds the lower part of the co- 

 rolla, as in the Pink. 



When the calyx consists of several parts, these are called sepals 

 and sometimes leaves of the calyx. 

 The organs we have now considered, are as follows: 

 Calyx — the cup, surrounding the corolla, the parts are called sepals. 

 Corolla — the blossom., the parts are petals. 



Stamens — next within the corolla, the parts are the anther, pollen^ 

 and filament. 

 Pistil — central organ, the parts are the germ, style, and stigma. 

 Receptacle — which supports the other parts of the flower. 

 Besides these, there are in the mature plant, the 

 Pericarp — containing the seed. 

 Seed — rudiment of a new plant. 



Botanical Analysis. 



Although the examination of the different organs of the flowe-may 

 properly be called analysis, because it is the observation of constit- 

 uent parts singly ; — yet when the hoianxsiSYteok's. of analyzing plants, 

 he understands an examination of their organs with reference to 

 determining their place in some botanical system. 



We will now proceed to the analysis of some plants, that w^e may 

 thus introduce the pupil to what we believe the bestsystem of botan- 

 ical arrangement for popular use. 



Division of Plants into Classes, <f-c. 



According to the system we shall adopt, all plants are divided into 

 twenty-one classes. Each class is divided into Orders, the Orders 

 into Genera,* and the Genera into Species. 



The name of the genus maybe compared to the family name ; that 

 of the species, to the individual or christian name ; for example : the 



* The plural of genus, a family or tribe. 



Perirarp— Describe thai of the lily— Calyx— Sepals— Enumerate the parts of a flow 

 er— Whv' is meant by analyzing plants?— Classes— Orders— Genera— Species. 



