240 CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS. 



AvERTEBRAL animals are divided into, 



5. Insects. The science of which is called entomology. It in- 

 cludes all animals with jointed bodies, which have jointed limbs: 

 as flies, spiders, lobsters. 



6. Vermes. The science of which is caHeri iprmiwi^oZog-y. It in- 

 cludes all soft animals of the avertebral dmsion, wnich have no 

 jointed limbs, with or without hard coverings; as angle-worms, 

 snails, oysters, polypi, and infusory animals." 



The system of Zoology most approved, is the one taught by Lin- 

 naeus, with some improvements made by the great French natural- 

 ist, Cuvier ; according to this mode of classification, the animal 

 kingdom is divided into four grand divisions, viz.: — 



Vertebral, Molluscous. Articulated, and Radiated. These are 

 subdivided into classes and orders. 



Vertebral Animals. 



Class I. Mamm,alia, or such as are at first nourished by milk- 

 This class have lungs, and peculiar organs for imbibing their food 

 durins their first stage of existence. 



The First Order is called Bi-mani, (from bis, two, ma7ii, hands ;) 

 this Older includes ma7i only; we find here no generic or specific 

 differeaces, but the following varieties. 



1st. Caucasian race, anciently inhabiting the country about the 

 Caspian and Black seas, from whom we are descended. 



2d. The Mongolian, the ancient inhabitants about the Pacifio 

 Ocean, from whom the Chinese are descended. 



3d. The Ethiopian, or negro race. 



The Second Order contains the Quadru-mani, (from quatuor, four, 

 and viani, hands.) These have thumbs or toes, separate on each of 

 the four feet. We here find the ourang-outang, (sometimes called 

 the wld-man,) and the monkey. 



The Third OrtZer contains Carnivorous animals, or Jlesh-feeders 

 having no separate thumbs, or great toes without nails ; as the dog 

 and cat. 



The Fourth Order contains the Gnawers, having no camne teeth, 

 (those which are called eye-teeth,) feeding almost wholly op vegeta- 

 ble substances ; as the rat and squirrel. 



The Fifth Order is Edentata, or animals wanting teeth ; as the 

 sloth and armadillo. 



The Sixth Order, Pachy derma, contains thick-skinned animals 

 with hoofs ; as the elephant, horse, and hog. 



The Seventh Order contains the Ruminating animals, such as 

 chew the cud, having front teeth (incisors) below only, and feet with 

 hoofs cloven, or divided ; as the ox, sheep, and camel. 



The Eighth Order, Cete, contains Aquatic animals, (such as livo 

 in water,) having no kind of feet, or whose feet are fin-like limbs j 

 as the whale and dolphin. 



We have enumerated all the orders of the class Mammalia, as it 

 is the one in which man is placed ; we shall now notice the re- 

 maining classes of animals, without going into so minute a detail of 

 their orders. 



Class II, contains Birds, (Aves,) which are distinguished by hav- 

 ing the body covered with feathers and down, long naked jaws, two 

 wings formed for flight, and bi-ped, (from bis, two, and pedes, feet.) 



How are Avertebral animals divided?— Cuvier's four grand divisions— ls\ classof 

 Vertebral animals— Order bi-mani— Varieties in this order— Order quadru-mani— 

 Third order — Foiirih order— Fifth order— Sixth order — Seventh order — Eighth ordej>- 

 Class 2d. 



