EXPLANATIOx\ OF PLATE IV. 



Fig. 1. _ Carica papaya. Papaw-trec. (Family unknown.)* The name carica is 

 fiomCaria, where the tree was first cLillivated. Dioscious. 20 feet high. It is a native 

 ol" the East and West Indies and Guinea— Fig. 1. A fertile plant. Trunk very simple, 

 vertical, cylindric, marked with cicatrices produced by the fall of leaves. Leaves ter- 

 minal, large, seven-lobed, peti9led. Petioles two or three feet long. Flowers grow at 

 the base of the petioles. Berries large, furrowed, depressed in the centre. The green 

 fruit is eaten by the Indians in the sanie manner as we use the turnip. The buds are 

 used for sweetmeats. The ripe fruit is eaten for a dessert, like melons. 



Fi" 2. Crescentia ciijete. Calabash-tree. ^ A tree 16 feet in height; native of 

 South America and the West Indies. Trunk thick. Branches horizontal or reflexed. 

 Leaves fasciculate, obovate, cruciform, fascicles alternate. Flowers rameus, sometimes 

 cauhne, solitary. Calyx campanulate, bi-lobed. Corolla large, sub-campanu!ate. 

 Berries large, resembling the pumpkin in figure ; the epicarp cortical, like that of the 

 gourd. 



Fig. 3. ^ Vanilla aromatlca. (Famj^y of the Orchidece.) This plant is somesimes 

 called Epidendron vanilla, the generic name being derived from epi, upon, and dendron, 

 a tree, because the plant grows parasitically on the trunks and branches of trees. It 

 is perennial, climbing, parasitic; a native of South America. Stems cylindric ; flow- 

 ers ramose, producing roots at every joint, which fasten themselves to the bark of trees. 

 Leaves alternate, oval, oblong, acute, thick. Flowers in terminal spikes, which are 

 lax and pendent. Perianth simple, six-lobed. Capsule fusiform, containing small 

 black seeds vvhich have an aromatic taste and fragrant smell ; they are used as per- 

 fumes. This plant belongs to Gynandria Monandria. 



Fig. 4. Nepenthes c?!s/iZZatoria. (Family unknown. )t A perennial plant of tlie 

 Indies. Stem simple, with leaves towards the base. Leaves alternate, large, oval, 

 lanceolate, contracting at the base into petioles which are semi-amplexicaulis, and 

 terminated at the summit by a tendril which supports an ascidium; this is cylindric, 

 and furnished with an operculum vvhich opens and shuts according to the state of the 

 atmosphere. Flowers terminal, panieled. 



Fig. 5. Semfervivum. tcdorum. House-leek tribe.t The generic name is derived 

 from the Latin, semper, always, vivire, to live, and the specific name from tectum, 

 house. This is a perennial, herbaceous plant, which grows to the height of sixteen 

 inches. The stem is simple, vertical, fohated. Leaves succulent, oblong, alternate ; 

 radical leaves cordate. Flowers in close panicles. Polyandria Poly.gynia. 



Fig. 6. Panicum italicum.^ (Family of the Grasses.) An herbaceous, annual 

 plant, two feet in height, a native of India. Culm erect. Leaves elongate, lanceolate, 

 sheathing. Spike elongated, compounded of numerous spikelets. 



Fig. 7. Clathrus cancellatus. Mushroom. (Family of the Fungi.) A, young 

 plant enclosed in its volva. B, another more advanced; a, volva ruptured ; b, peri- 

 dium beginning to appear. C, a plant entirely developed. The peridium is globular 

 and cancellated. 



* Liiulk'y tbrms of this a distinct family, called Papayacecc. He considers it as allied to the Passion- 

 P..nviT tribe, in its fruit ; and to the Fig trilie, in the separation of stamens and gistils, and in iis milky juiccj 

 whifh resembles that found in some species of Ficus. 



t Fiimied by Lindley into a new family, Nepmthea. 



: Belonging to the Crassulaceae of Lindley ; allied to the Cacti and Euphoibise. 



