CLASS IV. ORDER I. 37 



the calyx, the upper one membranaceous ; perfect floret with cartilaginons 

 valves, unarmed, (cockfoot-grass, panic-grass.) 

 [In spikes.] 

 Hor"dedm. SpikeletsS at each joint of the rachis, 1 or 2-flowered, all perfect, 

 or the lateral ones abortive ; glume lateral, subulate; perfect flower with a 2- 

 valved corolla ; lower valve ending in a bristle; seed coated, (barley.) Ex, 



ORDER III, TRIGYNIA. 



MoLLuu'GO. Calyx 5-leaved, coloured within ; corolla 0; capsule 3-celled, 3- 

 valved. (carpet-weed.) 



PaosEP.piNA'cA. Calyx 3-parted, superior ; corolla 0; fruit a hard nut, 3-sided, 

 S-seeded, crowned by the calyx, (mermaid-weed.) 



CLASS IV. TETRANDRIA. 



ORDER I. MONOGYNIA. 

 A. Flowers superior, [l-pelalled.] 

 Allio'nia. Common calyx oblong, simple, 3-flowered; proper calyx obsolete ; 

 corolla irregular ; receptacle naked. 



Cephalan"thus. Inflorescence in ahead; general calyx none; proper calyx 

 superior, minute, angular, 4-cleft ; corolla funnel-form; receptacle globular, 

 hairy; capsule 2 to 4-celled ; seed solitary, oblong, (button-bush.) 



Dip"sACus. Flowers in an ovate or roundish head ; common calyx polyphl- 

 lous, foliaceous; proper calyx monophyllous, superior; corolla tubular, 4-cleft; 

 seed solitary, receptacle, conic, chaffy, (teasel.) 



Ga'lium. Calyx 4-toothed ; corolla flat, 4-cleft ; fruit dry; seeds 2, roundish ; 

 leaves stellate, "(bedstraw.) 



Ro'bia. Calyx small, 4-toothed, superior. Corolla bell-form. Filaments 

 shorter than the corolla. Fruit pulpy, (madder.) 



ScABio'sA. Involucre many-leaved. Calyx double, superior. Corolla tubular. Fil- 

 aments longer than the limb of the corolla. Seed naked, crowned by the calyx. 

 Dio'DjA. Calyx with the tube ovate, 2 or 4-toothed. Corolla funnel-form, 

 4-lobed. Capsule ovale, 2-celled. 



Hedyo'tis. Calj'x 4-toothed. Corolla tubular, bearded at the throat, 4-parted. 

 Capsule ovale, 2-celled, many-seeded. 



Housto'nia. Calyx 4-tooihed. Corolla salver-form, 4-cleft; capsule 2-celled, 

 many-seeded, opening transversely. (Innocence.) 



M'lTCHEL^LA. Calyx 4-toothed; corollas 2 on each germ, funnel-form; tube 

 cylindric; limb 4-parled, spreading, villose on the inside; stamens scarcely ex- 

 serc; stigma 4-oleft; berry double, 4-seeded. (partridge-berry.) 



LiNNiE'A. Calyx doable; that of the fruit 2-leaved, inferior; that of the stig- 

 ma globose ; berry 3-celled, dry. (twin-flower.) 



CoR^NUs. Calyx 4-toothed; drupe with a 2-celled nut. Some species have a 

 4-leaved involucrum. (dogwood, false box.) 



Ludwi'gia. Calyx 4-parted, persistent; corolla sometimes 3; capsule quad- 

 rangular, 4-celled, inferior, many-seeded. 



B. Flowers inferior. 

 Planta'go. Calyx 4-cleft; corolla 4-cleft, reflex; capsule 2-celled opening 

 transversely; stamens exsert very long, (plantain, ribwort.) 



Centaurf.l'la. Calyx 4-parted; corolla sub-companulate, segments somewhat 

 erect; .stigma thick ; capsule 1-celled, 2-valved, many-seeded, surrounded by 

 the persistent calyx and corolla. 



Ex'acum. Calyx deeply 4-parted; corolla 4-cleft, tube globose; capsule bisu- 

 late, 2-celled, many-seeded. 



Swer"tia. Calyx flat, 4 or 5-parted; corolla 4 or 5-parted; tube short; bor- 

 der spreading, with 2 pores at the base of each; style short; stigma 2; capsule 

 1-celled, 2-valved. 



Fra'!?era. Calyx deeply 4-parted; corolla 4-parted, spreading segments oval 

 with a bearded orbicular gland in the middle of each ; capsule compressed, part- 

 ly marginate, 1-celled; seeds few, large, imbricate, with a m^'mbranous margin. 

 LY'cmM. Corolla tubular, having the throat closed by the beards of the fila- 

 ments; stamens often 5; berry 2-celled, many-seeded, (matrimony.) 



Icto'des. General calyx a spatha; spadixsimple, covered with flowers; peri- 



